Задание 4 ЕГЭ по английскому языку

3

Now we are ready to start.

Presenter: Today in the studio we are talking to Ben Zafani, an activist and member of the environmental group The Green Belt Movement in Kenya. Welcome, Ben!

Ben: Thank you.

Presenter: Well, you know, people nowadays talk a lot about environmental issues. There is great concern about wildlife and the future of the national parks in Kenya. What's happening there?

Ben: One of the most serious environmental problems we are facing today is deforestation, which really affects both wildlife and people living around the forests. People need land for their own purposes—like growing crops and raising cattle—so they come, seize pieces of land, cut down trees and start cultivating the land. So many animals were kind of forced away. They had to leave their native habitats and find new hunting areas. That's not really a nice thing.

Presenter: And what's happening to the people who actually live around the forest area?

Ben: You know, when you tend to interfere in a wild animal's habitat, you somehow create an imbalance between people and animals—and sometimes it's not really a nice thing because animals tend to come close to where people live, which is really threatening.

Presenter: So do they attack people?

Ben: Not that they really attack settlements, but they do come in packs, groups, prides or herds—constantly migrating from one place to another because of deforestation. So people are vulnerable at any time.

Presenter: You mean if I lived there, I could be chased by an angry rhinoceros or an elephant?

Ben: No, actually they don't chase people. Most of the time they just pass by. But at times you come into contact with an unusual animal. You know, animals live in packs. So when one animal is rejected from its pack, it's an angry animal. It cannot join the other packs, so it attacks anything and is extremely dangerous. It should not be disturbed. People can do nothing to help it. Anyone who dares to approach it is almost certainly doomed.

Presenter: Wow, sounds horrible. I suppose no one would dare to try to catch these wild animals. Well, but what actually causes deforestation?

Ben: People burn wood to produce charcoal and sell it. Because, as you know, people there have very poor living conditions and they try hard to earn an extra dime to support their families. Charcoal is in great demand for cooking and other odd jobs. So people don't even have to travel anywhere to sell it. It's a good job, but it's so destructive.

Presenter: So what's being done to try and remedy this or to try and counterbalance the effect?

Ben: There are three or four large activist groups that are coming together to discuss how to reduce damage to the environment. You all know the Nobel Prize winner Wangari Maathai, who is a leader of the Green Belt Movement in Kenya. She's been trying to discourage people from destroying forests for a long time and to explain what deforestation does to the country and the environment in general and how it affects people in the forest areas. She teaches people to adjust to new conditions and environments. She moves with the times. Wangari supports national parks, conservation areas and safari parks in the country. She helps organize small businesses to learn to earn from ecotourism in the forest areas.

Presenter: Look, I've always wanted to go to Africa, and I'm just wondering if that whole safari business is really good—if everything you see on the BBC Wildlife Channel—you know, documentaries—is true-to-life.

Ben: It's not a cliché, but it's something you have to experience when you get there on safari. The BBC has never lied to their viewers.

Presenter: Wow, so I could be just out there driving around in my car and on my own just seeing all those animals?

Ben: I'm afraid they won't let you drive in your own car. They provide services for you. We have in Kenya an institute called the KWS—the Kenya Wildlife Service—and it has its own wardens that are highly trained to protect you when you're in the forest. You just say where and when you want to go, what places and animals you would like to see. Tours are kind of regulated. For example, you will never be allowed to come close to feeding the animals.


4. According to Ben, the animals that change their habitat
Ключевая фраза: "animals tend to come close to where people live, which is really threatening." → Животные, меняющие среду обитания, могут быть опасны для людей вблизи лесных зон. → 3) may be dangerous for the people around forest areas.