Банк заданий
ЕГЭ по английскому языку Задание №20 Грамматические навыки: формообразование 20

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Honesty is the best policy

To learn more about her students, my younger brother’s teacher sent home a lengthy questionnaire at the beginning of the school year. There (19)_________ (BE) a lot of questions about this and that.

She asked (20)_________ (THEY) about their likes and dislikes and about many other things.
She asked what they (21)_________ (THINK) about their school in twenty years’ time.

I was 6 years (22)_________ (OLD) than my brother but some questions seemed very difficult even to me.

The (23)_________ (BAD) question, in my opinion, was the one relating to their self-image: ‘When you look in a mirror, what do you see?’

But my ten-year-old brother had no trouble with his answer: ‘Myself, and everything behind (24)__________ (I).’

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Where did the Olympic Games come from?

There are many different stories about the beginning of the Olympics. One myth says that Zeus himself started the Games. Athletic games (19)________ (HOLD) as an important part of many religious festivals in ancient Greek culture.

Olympia was one of the (20)_________ (OLD) religious centers in the ancient Greek world.

The (21)________ (IMPRESSIVE) sight at Olympia was the gold and ivory statue of Zeus.
The statue was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. This explains why' Olympia (22)________ (CHOOSE) as the site for the most important athletic competition.
Some athletes travelled hundreds of miles, from colonies. These colonies were as far away as modern Spain, Egypt and Turkey. Any free- born Greek (a man or a boy) (23)__________ (CAN) take part in the Olympics.
(24)_________ (WOMAN) did not compete, they were also barred from attending the games, under penalty of death. Unmarried girls were allowed to attend.

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Albert Schweitzer, a Nobel Peace Prize Winner

Albert Schweitzer is known throughout the world for his missionary work in Africa. He was born on January 14, 1875 in Alsace, which was part of Germany and (19)_________ (LATE) Part of France after World War I.

He was a talented person. By the age of thirty, he (20)_________ (KNOW) as an author, a lecturer, and a musician.
It was at this time that he learned of the great need of medical doctors in Africa. He decided to become a doctor of medicine. In 1913, Doctor Schweitzer and his wife (21)_________ (LEAVE) for Africa.
The morning after the Schweitzers arrived, they started to treat their patients in an old farmhouse. However, a new hospital building (22)_________ (BUILD) with the help and the trust of the African people.
Their work was interrupted by World War I. Only in 1924, Dr. Schweitzer was finally able to return to Lambarene to rebuild the hospital. When Mrs. Schweitzer came back to Africa in 1929, the hospital was much (23)________ (LARGE).
There was a growing staff of doctors and nurses. In 1953 Dr. Schweitzer (24)_________ (GIVE) the Nobel Peace Prize.

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Gymnastics

Modern world of sports knows many kinds of gymnastics. One of them, rhythmic gymnastics (19)__________ (GROW) out of modern gymnastics and the Swedish system of free exercise in the 19th century.

It was called ‘aesthetic gymnastics’ as the students (20)__________ (CAN) express feelings and emotions through body movement. It combined elements of ballet, gymnastics, and theatrical dance.
Young (21)__________ (WOMAN) exercised to music, moving from simple calisthenics to more energetic activities. A growing number of men are participating in this kind of sport now.
In the 1880s in Switzerland various exercises to music were created. They were designed to give grace of movement, and a much (22)___________ (GOOD) pose.
A degree of difficulty for each movement (23)__________ (DEVELOP) by the European Sport Association after the World War I. So all the elements were graded accordingly.
In 1906 rhythmic gymnastics was introduced to North America, but the sport (24)___________ (NOT GAIN) much popularity.

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The History of Man

How long has man been on earth? Let us travel 5,000 years into the past. We are in the days before man learned to write. Recorded history (19)_________ (NOT BEGIN) yet.

Yet there are people, about five million of them, (20)__________ (LIVE) on all five continents.

The (21)__________ (EARLY) true human being, Homo sapiens, appeared in Europe more than 50,000 years ago.

Greek myths: Daedalus

Daedalus was a brilliant architect and inventor of ancient Greece. He was so brilliant that King Minos of Crete (22)__________ (KEEP) him as a prisoner.

The King (23)___________ (NOT WANT) to let him go back to his home in Athens.

Daedalus lived with his son Icarus in a tower of the palace, and King Minos made him invent weapons of war that would make his army and navy even (24)___________ (POWERFUL) than they already were.

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Pizza

The evolution of pizza was quite long and many cultures contributed to it. Let (19)__________ (WE) have a glimpse of its history.

(20)__________ (WOMAN) of ancient Egypt, Greece and later Rome had recipes similar to modern ones.

The Egyptians had a tradition to celebrate the Pharaoh’s birthday with flat loaves (21)__________ (LOOK) very much like our modern pizza.

The word ‘pizza’ appeared in printing at the end of the 10th century for the (22)__________ (ONE) time.

A remarkable event took place in June 1889. The Italian queen Margarita was staying in her summer palace in Naples. It was her birthday and the owner of a very popular pizzeria cooked a special kind of pizza for her. He named it ‘Margarita’. It was the (23)_________ (GOOD) way to make this pizza famous all over the world.

Now pizza (24)__________ (COOK) with tomatoes. However, when tomatoes appeared in Europe they were grown as an ornamental plant.

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New Seven Wonders of the World

Long ago Teotihuacan was an important religious and economic centre. However, after there (19)__________ (BE) a great fire, the whole population left the city for reasons that are still unknown. This happened in 650 AD.

Since then Teotihuacan (20)__________ (SEE) the Aztecs, the Spanish invasion and many other peoples and historical events.

Nowadays millions of tourists visit Teotihuacan every year. Archeologists are certain that it (21)__________ (REMAIN) popular in the future and will continue to be a must-see attraction for visitors to Mexico City.

The Forbidden City

Today, the Forbidden City is a public museum attracting millions of visitors from different countries. Until 1924, when the last Chinese emperor had to leave the palace, twenty-four emperors of two dynasties (22)__________ (RULE) there.

Chinese people (23)__________ (INVEST) a great deal of time and money in preserving the Forbidden City lately, and today it is an impressive place where visitors can imagine life in previous centuries.

Tourists can admire traditional palace architecture, see the treasures (24)__________ (KEEP) in the palace and learn legends and stories about the imperial family and court.

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New Seven Wonders of the World: the Great Wall of China

Just like a gigantic dragon, the Great Wall runs up and down deserts, mountains and grasslands for 6,700 kilometers from east to west of China. It is one of the (19)__________ (GREAT) wonders of the world with more than 2,000 years of history.

The Great Wall (20)__________ (BUILD) by several Chinese dynasties in order to protect the Chinese Empire from different aggressors.

The building of the Wall of stone and earth (21)__________ (BEGIN) in the 6th century BC and lasted until the 16th century AD.

It (22)__________ (KNOW) that from 2 to 3 million Chinese people died during its construction.

Since then, the Great Wall of China (23)__________ (BECOME) a symbol of wisdom and bravery of the Chinese people and a monument of the Chinese nation for many hundreds of years.

Nowadays, a visit to the Great Wall is like a tour through history backwards; it (24)__________ (BRING) tourists great excitement to walk on the Great Wall of China, to stand on a watchtower and view the wall disappearing in the distance.

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New Seven Wonders of the World: Teotihuacan

Teotihuacan is an enormous archaeological site in Mexico. It contains some of the (19)__________ (LARGE) pyramids in America.

The archaeological site of Teotihuacan (20)__________ (KNOW) for the so-called “street of the dead” and its colourful frescos.

Between 1 AD and 250 AD Teotihuacan (21)__________ (BECOME) an important religious and economic centre after the construction of the Pyramids of the Sun and Moon had been completed.

At that time as many as 200,000 people lived in Teotihuacan in (22)__________ (THEY) 2,000 houses.

New Seven Wonders of the World: the Forbidden City

Today, the Forbidden City is a public museum attracting millions of travellers from all over the world. Some people consider it one of the (23)__________ (POPULAR) sights in the world.

It (24)__________ (BUILD) as the Chinese imperial palace by one of the emperors and served as the ceremonial and political centre of the Chinese government for almost five centuries.

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The ‘All Blacks’

Rugby is the most popular sport in New Zealand. The country even has a Rugby Museum. The game (19)__________ (PLAY) there as early as the 1860s.

The game spread quickly. Soon New Zealand’s national team appeared. It (20)__________ (CALL) the “All Blacks” and not because of the colour of the players’ skin.

They got their name because all the (21)__________ (MAN) in the team wore black shorts, shirts, socks and shoes when they play rugby.

In 1884 they went to New South Wales, Australia to play and won eight games! It was the (22)__________ (ONE) international competition for them.

Before a rugby match, the “All Blacks” dance a special Maori war dance. The Maories are the New Zealand aborigines. It (23)__________ (NOT MEAN) that all the players in the team are Maori but they all perform the dance.

Today the most popular player is Jonah Lomu. He is a (24)__________ (LIVE) legend of New Zealand rugby.

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A Picnic Spot

‘It’s a perfect day for a picnic’, said Mr. Wolf. ‘Do you think you could pack us a lunch?’ ‘I certainly could’, said Mrs. Wolf. So the decision (19)__________ (MAKE).

But once she and Mr. Wolf and their son and daughter were out in the summer woods, they (20)__________ (CAN NOT) find the right spot.

And when at last they found one with all those things, Mrs. Wolf cried, ‘Oh, but here there’s no water. Surely we can find a (21)__________ (GOOD) spot than this one.’

When it was lunchtime, everyone was very hungry. At last the (22)__________ (CHILD) cried: ‘Please hurry up and choose a picnic place.’ ‘Yes, please, do.’ Mr. Wolf said. ‘This basket is so heavy.’

‘All right,’ agreed Mrs. Wolf. ‘Let (23)__________ (WE) just go round the next turn in the path — and there we will eat.’

So they went around the turn and soon came into their own back yard! Mr. Wolf quickly put down his basket. ‘It’s a perfect spot for a picnic,’ he said (24)__________ (LOOK) around with a smile. ‘Chairs, and a table, and a pool — and a beautiful flower garden!’ And they decided to have picnics there all summer long.

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Secret of the Sahara

This is a story about a strange discovery made in the great Sahara Desert. In 1933 a French officer (19)__________ (RIDE) in the Sahara through a deep canyon in a mountain range where no other European had ever been.

Suddenly he saw that the walls of the canyon (20)__________ (COVER) with age-old carvings and paintings of strange unknown animals.

News of the discovery soon (21)__________ (BRING) many experts of all kinds to the place.

Dinosaur Facts

Dinosaurs lived on our planet millions of years ago. Some of them were very big. Now only their giant bones and footprints (22)__________ (FIND).

Millions of years ago, the world did not look like it does today. Some animals developed legs under their bodies and moved (23)__________ (FAST) than the others.

(24)__________ (THIS) new animals were the first dinosaurs.

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Leaving School at Sixteen

In Britain many young people decide to leave school at the age of 16 and continue their studies at a Further Education College. Most courses there (19)__________ (LINK) with practical vocational training such as engineering, typing or cooking.

Some 16-year-olds leave school but are unable to find a job. At the same time they (20)__________ (NOT WANT) to go to college.

For such young people, the British government (21)__________ (INTRODUCE) the Young Opportunities Scheme. It places young people with a company or factory for six months and pays them a small wage.

Spectators at the Ancient Olympic Games

Nowadays people around the world can watch the Olympics on television or listen to sports news on the radio. They (22)__________ (NOT HAVE) to travel to Greece or another country to see the competitions.

In ancient times, however, the Olympic festival (23)__________ (BRING) huge numbers of visitors to Olympia.

People arrived from all parts of the Greek world. There were so many visitors that (24)__________ (MANY) people had to sleep outdoors under the stars.

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How old is Coca-Cola?

Do you know how old this popular drink is? In 1886 a chemist from Atlanta, John Pemberton, (19)__________ (MAKE) a syrup from cola-nut extract, cocoa leaves, some vegetable extracts, caffeine, and sugar.

He ran the (20)__________ (ONE) advertisement for the beverage on May 29 of the same year in the Atlanta Journal.

He started (21)__________ (SERVE) the syrup diluted with soda-water to customers in his drugstore.

College life

We are a family of five. My (22)__________ (OLD) sister, Heather, is in her second year in college. This year she could not find a book she needed.

When the professor assigned reading from a hard-to-find book, 150 hands shot in the air to inform him they (23)__________ (NOT HAVE) it. He told them it had arrived at the bookstore that morning.

When the class was over, Heather sprinted to the bookstore, grabbed a copy and rushed to the cashier. The cashier saw Heather and began ringing the bell for assistance, a look of panic on her face. “How many (24)__________ (BE) there behind you?” she demanded.

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Kid inventions

Becky Schroeder was only 10 years old when she came up with the idea of glo-paper. Two years (19)__________ (LATE), in 1974, her invention was patented.

The idea came to her when she was trying to do her homework in the family car while her mother was buying groceries. It (20)__________ (GET) dark gradually, and Becky could not see her notebook clearly.

She (21)__________ (NOT HAVE) a flashlight and imagined how useful it would be to have paper that could glow in the dark. After a year of experiments, she managed to create it.

A white flag

It is always difficult for me to find my car in a large parking lot. After reading some advice for people with the same problem, I decided to try it. I tied a white tissue to the car antenna. The little flag (22)__________ (SUPPOSE) to help me identify the car quickly.

Then I went (23)__________ (SHOP).

When I (24)__________ (COME) out, I immediately noticed a little white flag — and then about ten more of them.

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Can fish hear?

To divers, the underwater world is silent, and we call the ocean the “silent deep.” But to a fish, the underwater world isn’t silent at all. Fish can “hear” other fish (19)__________ (MOVE) through the water.

Fish (20)__________ (NOT HAVE) ears, but they do have a structure inside their head that is very much like our own inner ear.

This structure is sensitive to vibrations in the water, (21)__________ (MAKE) by other fish.

Research (22)__________ (SHOW) that some fish are sensitive to ordinary sounds, too. Catfish can probably hear everything we hear!

The White House

The White House, in Washington, DC, is one of the world’s most recognized buildings. It is the home of the president of the United States. The original house (23)__________ (BUILD) in the 1790s.

It was burnt down in 1814, and rebuilt (24)__________ (LATE).

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Alaska Flag

In 1926, thirteen-year-old Bennie Benson from the USA designed a flag for Alaska. His design (19)__________ (CHOOSE) as the winner of a flag-designing competition.

Several decades (20)__________ (LATE), in 1959, it officially became the flag of Alaska.

The design includes the Big Dipper and the North Star, also (21)__________ (CALL) Polaris.

Camping

This year our family decided to go camping. It was our (22)__________ (ONE) experience of this kind.

We started (23)__________ (PACK) about a month before the trip.

When our neighbour saw how many boxes and bags were attached to our car, she thought we were moving house. She exclaimed that she (24)__________ (NOT KNOW) we were leaving.

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What country has no rivers?

Hard to believe it, but there is such a country! Libya (19)__________ (LOCATE) in North Africa and borders on the Mediterranean Sea.

It’s the (20)__________ (FIFTEEN) largest country on Earth. But more than 90 percent of Libya is desert, and there’s not a single permanent river in Libya!

This huge country, more than four times the size of California, has a (21)__________ (SMALL) population than a number of cities in California.

A lesson on efficiency

I remember my last year at school very well. There were three boys (22)__________ (NAME) William in my class.

Miss Fisher, one of the teachers, called them all William, and we (23)__________ (NOT KNOW) which one she was talking to.

One day, during a lesson on efficiency, she thundered, “William, put that gum you (24)__________ (CHEW) in the wastepaper bin at once!” All three of them started to rise, paused, then walked to the front of the class to dispose of their gum. The teacher beamed. “Three for one! Now that's efficiency.”

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Пример ответа: did not know

Zanzibar history

In 1896, Said Khalid seized power in Zanzibar. A British fleet soon arrived at the port of Zanzibar and ordered him out of the royal palace. Khalid refused to leave. At 9:02 on the morning of August 27, British ships started a fire on the palace, (19)__________ (BEGIN) a war between Britain and Zanzibar.

The palace (20)__________ (DESTROY) very quickly. At 9:40 that morning, Said Khalid surrendered and the war ended.

This “war” was the (21)__________ (SHORT) in history. It lasted a total of 38 minutes!

The British (22)__________ (LATE) requested money from the people of Zanzibar to pay for the shells the British warships had used to win the war.

A palace with 1,300 rooms

It was King Louis XIV of France who ordered a palace with 1,300 rooms in the 1600s. Louis wanted a bigger palace than any other king. In 1661, the French started (23)__________ (BUILD) this new palace.

It was located at a place outside Paris, (24)__________ (CALL) Versailles.

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Пример ответа: did not know

The invention of video games

Do you know the story behind the invention of video games? Here is the story of the (19)__________ (ONE) video game.

If you (20)__________ (READ) this article in 2013, you probably imagine video games as we know them now. Nowadays we are used to online games full of colour and action.

However, the story about the invention of video games dates back to the 1940s and to a patent registered by the US patent office. The invention patent (21)__________ (CALL): “The cathode ray tube amusement.”

Grandma

My grandma often comes to us to babysit my sister, Ann. Yesterday she was tired after a full day of looking after an active five-year-old, but she (22)__________ (NOT WANT) to upset Ann and agreed to play ball in the backyard after supper.

After 5 minutes, she (23)__________ (SIT) down on a patio chair and said, “Grandma is too old for this.”

Ann came over, put her arm around Grandma’s neck and said, “Grandma, I wish you (24)__________ (BE) newer.”

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Пример ответа: did not know

The popsicle

Not all new things are created by wise old scientists. Frank Epperson invented the popsicle, fruit ice cream without milk, in 1905 when he was only 11 years old. Frank (19)__________ (LEAVE) his drink outside on the porch overnight with the stir stick in it.

That night the temperature dropped and froze things, (20)__________ (INCLUDE) Frank's drink. That didn't stop him from tasting it.

18 years (21)__________ (LATE) Frank started his business.

Mother's Day

We are a family of four: my mom, my dad, my brother and I. One morning my dad started (22)__________ (COOK) breakfast.

Ben, my (23)__________ (YOUNG) brother, asked him: "Why are you making Mommy breakfast? Is she sick?"

"No, dear," replied her father, "it's Mother's Day." Immediately the boy had another question. "Oh," he said, "then (24)__________ (BE) every other day Father's Day?"

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Пример ответа: did not know

Does it ever snow in Brazil?

During winter and sometimes even autumn and spring it snows in some cities of southern Brazil. There are several cities (19)__________ (KNOW) for their snow, like Urupema and Urubici.

These cities (20)__________ (BE) all in high areas, but even places at sea level can have snow, although in small amounts and not every year.

Brazil (21)__________ (THINK) to be a “tropical paradise” which is very wrong. Foreigners who travel to southern Brazil during autumn or winter in search for some heat and beaches are often disappointed.

The North Pole is melting

Do you know how the global warming affects the Arctic? A survey by the Japan Agency for Science and Technology shows that Arctic ice is melting at a far (22)__________ (QUICK) rate than anticipated. Today Arctic ice is melting at previously unseen rates.

The coastal ice in parts of Canada and Alaska has become quite brittle. Ice easily breaks away in large pieces and melts in the open ocean. Now there is also (23)__________ (LITTLE) sea ice in the Arctic Ocean.

It happens because ice (24)__________ (FLOAT) into the Atlantic Ocean.

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Пример ответа: did not know

Funny seagull thinks he is a cat

A seagull was adopted by June and Steve Grimwood, who found a soot-covered young bird in their fireplace and called him Mr. Pooh. The gull (19)__________ (BRING) up with cats.

He slept in a cat’s basket, from which he acquired a taste for Whiskas. Since then, Mr. Pooh has learned the sound of the fridge door (20)__________ (OPEN).

He (21)__________ (LEAVE) the family home, but he can’t resist returning three times a day for his favourite food, announcing his arrival by tapping on the door.

Monet’s Garden

Monet’s Garden was created in 1883 in the Valley of the River Epte by Claude Monet, the leader of the Impressionist painters. Monet liked (22)__________ (PAINT) a subject in the open air and planned that his future garden would inspire artists and photographers.

With the support of the local authorities, Monet had a small pond dug, even though his peasant neighbours (23)__________ (NOT LIKE) it.

They were afraid that his strange plants (24)__________ (POISON) the water.

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Пример ответа: did not know

Difficult landing

One airline had a policy that required the first officer to stand at the door while the passengers exited. He smiled and thanked them for (19)__________ (FLY) the airline.

A pilot on this airline landed his plane into the runway really hard. He thought that passengers (20)__________ (HAVE) angry comments.

However, it seemed that all of (21)__________ (THEY) were too shocked to say anything. Finally, everyone got off except for a little old lady. She said, ‘Can I ask you a question?’ ‘Yes, Madam,’ said the pilot. ‘What was it?’ the lady asked, ‘Did we land or were we shot down?’

Alhambra

The Alhambra is a palace and fortress in Granada. It (22)__________ (BUILD) between 1238 and 1358 at the end of Muslim rule in Spain. Despite the development that followed the Christian conquest, it still looks like a medieval Moorish settlement.

Since the Middle Ages, the Alhambra (23)__________ (SURVIVE) as a remarkable example of a Spanish-Moorish town. As most fortresses of that time, it has a surrounding wall, but it looks fairly weak.

Later it (24)__________ (NOT DEFEND) the kings of Granada and was just supposed to offer nice views.

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Пример ответа: did not know

The North Pole has melted again

Two weeks of warm weather in the high Arctic have caused a lake to begin forming. To be clear, the water (19)__________ (SURROUND) the pole is not sea water from the ocean.

It is (20)__________ (MELT) ice water resting on a layer of ice below. “It’s a shallow lake. It’s a cold lake. But it is, actually, a lake,” writes William Wolfe of Canada.com.

That lake started to form on July 13 during a month of abnormally warm weather – temperatures were 1-3 degrees Celsius higher than average in the Arctic Ocean this month. In addition, the weather is likely to get (21)__________ (BAD) over the coming week. An Arctic cyclone will bring strong winds and rain.

Snow in Brazil

According to the National Meteorology Institute, 87 towns in all three of Brazil’s southern states saw snow and freezing rain last week. The temperature (22)__________ (GO) below zero.

In some towns temperature as low as minus 7 degrees Celsius was registered. It was the (23)__________ (ONE) time that it snowed in Florianopolis, and Curitiba, the capital of the state of Parana reported snow after 38 years.

Snow is rare in Brazil. Last year it (24)__________ (FALL) out only in a handful of towns in the mountainous areas.