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ЕГЭ по английскому языку Задание №11 Понимание структурно-смысловых связей в тексте

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Borodino battlefield

Borodino battlefield was the site of the turning-point Battle of Borodino in 1812, during the Napoleonic Wars. Two hundred years later, the rural site presents a vivid history lesson. The entire battlefield is now part of the Borodino Field Museum-Reserve, with dozens of memorials to specific divisions and generals. The hilltop monument in front of the Borodino Museum is Bagration’s tomb. It is the grave of Prince Bagration, a heroic general A__________.

The Borodino Museum is an excellent place to start with B__________. Visitors can study an interactive diorama of the Battle of Borodino before setting out to see the site in person. The main exhibitions feature original objects from the battle, C__________ and personal items. The displays, created by soldiers and their contemporaries, demonstrate the perception of the battle and the Napoleonic Wars at the time. There is also an exhibition D__________ at this site.

There are several other exhibitions related to the 1812 battle on the grounds of the Borodino Monastery. Leo Tolstoy stayed there E__________ for his novel War and Peace.

If travelling by car, tourists can see monuments F__________, as well as the headquarters of both the French and Russian armies. If tourists come by train, they will see the monuments only along the road between the train station and the museum.

1. as it provides a useful overview

2. when he was writing about the events

3. who was mortally wounded in the battle

4. including uniforms, weapons, documents

5. that is dedicated to the World War II battle

6. who has become a soldier and a great writer

7. marking the sites of the most violent fighting

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London’s skyscraper

The Shard is a modern glass skyscraper in London. The skyscraper is situated in the London Bridge Quarter in Southwark. It is right near the heart of London and only the river separates it from the City of London. The area is full of history: a bridge was built there by the Romans around 50 AD A__________.

The plans for the London Bridge Tower, as the building was initially called, caused a strong protest from people B__________ for a historic neighbourhood with mostly low-rise brick buildings. They claimed the tower would cut through the neighbourhood like a shard of glass. The name “shard” stuck C__________ –– “The Shard”.

When it was completed the Shard held the record as Europe’s tallest skyscraper with a height of almost 310 metres. Only a couple of months later, it was surpassed in height by Moscow’s Mercury City Tower. The Shard towers over the neighbourhood and is visible from afar. The iconic skyscraper looks particularly spectacular at night D__________.

The building is multifunctional, with offices and a hotel on the lower floors E__________. The top floors of the Shard are home to the “View from the Shard”, an observation deck F__________ of the city. On a clear day one can see as far as sixty kilometres. At a height of 245 metres, this is the highest public viewing gallery in London, almost twice as high as the London Eye.

1. when seen from across the river Thames

2. who is concerned about the city’s heritage

3. and the developers even renamed the tower

4. who considered the glass tower inappropriate

5. and residential apartments on the upper floors

6. that offers visitors spectacular 360 degree views

7. and in 1836 the first railway station opened there

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Red Pandas

Have you ever seen a red panda? With their cute fluffy faces and funny games, they’ve become internet superstars. Red pandas look nothing like giant pandas; yet just like them, red pandas live in the mountainous forests of Asia. But while giant pandas belong to the bear family, red pandas A__________, raccoons and weasels.

Red pandas were carnivores, B__________. They had teeth designed for ripping and shredding. However, more than 2 million years ago, they decided bamboo was a better choice and switched to a bamboo-based diet. Bamboo doesn’t run away, C__________. They might also occasionally eat fruits, insects and bird eggs, too.

Red pandas are skilled tree-top navigators. They have sharp claws like a cat, D__________. They also use their bushy tails to help keep their balance. The funny fact about red pandas is that they can climb down a tree headfirst. They are E__________.

Though it might not seem like it, a red panda’s rusty coat helps them to hide in the forest. The trees F__________ and Myanmar are covered with reddish-brown moss. Red pandas blend right in. 

Red pandas also have black fur on their belly and legs. This helps them camouflage with the forest's dark leaves. This also helps them hide from their predators.

1. which are animals that eat meat

2. one of the few animals that can do this

3. are probably more closely related to skunks

4. it’s always green, and you can always find it

5. which they use to hold on to slippery tree branches

6. in the mountainous forests of China, India, Nepal

7. who have everything for eating and digesting plants

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Bandy

Have you ever heard of such a sport as bandy? It is the “elder brother”
of hockey, and Russia A__________. Folk amusements resembling bandy were known in Russia already before the Middle Ages. Some historians even say that Emperor Peter I, B__________, was a fan of this sport. Yet, bandy became popular only at the end of the XIX century.
By that time, certain rules had already been settled. In 1888 a sports club appeared in Saint Petersburg, which was founded by one of the students. And in 1897 Petr Moskvin, C__________, developed single bandy rules for Russia. Next year, on March 8, 1898 the first match was played. This date is called
the “birthday” of Russian bandy.

At the beginning of the XX century, bandy D__________. As a result, it was often called “Russian hockey”. And hockey with a puck really came into being largely because of the great popularity of bandy. Therefore, many rules of the games are similar. Yet, the differences between these two sports are quite significant. The most important ones are about inventory and a team. Bandy uses a rubber ball, E__________, instead of a puck. As for the team, F__________, there can be no more than six hockey players from one team on the field. While in bandy, eleven players including a goalkeeper make the same team on the field.

1. was very popular all over Russia

2. while Russia kept bandy traditions

3. played a big role in its development

4. when it comes to hockey with a puck

5. who brought skates from the Netherlands

6. an enthusiastic sportsman and the founder of the circle

7. which weighs 60 grams and is 6.3 centimetres in diameter

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Kenya

Kenya – the name is almost synonymous with the word “safari”. Few other places on the planet evoke such a spirit of adventure and romance. The diversity of things to do in Kenya dazzles all who visit it, A__________. In those sunny lands, ancient tribes, such as the Maasai, Kikuyu, and Samburu, retain their traditional customs, B__________.

Crowned by Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest peak, Amboseli National Reserve is one of Kenya’s most popular tourist parks. The reserve is one of the best places in Africa C__________. Other wildlife commonly spotted in the park includes big cats, such as lion and cheetah, as well as giraffes, impalas, gazelles, D__________. Nature lovers can explore five different habitats there, ranging from the dried-up bed of Lake Amboseli to wetlands, savannah, and woodlands.

Kenya is stunning. Beyond the world-famous safari parks lies a collection of coastal treasures. Tourists can snorkel and dive fish-rich coral reefs, relax on pearly beaches, experience the melting pot of cultures and cuisines, E__________. Tourists can also climb the snow-covered peaks of Mount Kenya and fish for trout in crystal-clear streams. To experience the romance of Kenya’s colourful colonial history, it is advised to head to Nairobi. That bustling capital is the gateway F__________.

1. to view large herds of elephants up close

2. and viewing the country’s wildlife tops the list

3. and more than 600 species of different birds

4. and explore tropical islands frozen in history

5. resting on trees or hunting their prey in the wild

6. to one of the world’s exciting travel destinations

7. living in relative harmony with the natural world

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Abramtsevo

Among the beautiful forests of Moscow Region, is the Abramtsevo Estate, which became a meeting point for the most outstanding members of the Russian cultural circle. At different times the estate was visited by Russian writers, A__________ Ivan Turgenev. But the estate became most famous due to the painters who worked there: Vasily Polenov, Viktor Vasnetsov, Ilya Repin, Valentin Serov, and Mikhail Vrubel.

In 1870 Savva Mamontov, B__________, bought the lovely estate 45 km north of Moscow. There, he hosted a large number of artists, C__________. Many artists came there to try their hand at the woodwork and ceramics workshops. Famous musicians of that time performed in Mamontov’s private opera, including Feodor Chaliapin, D__________.

Several rooms of the manor house have been preserved intact, complete with artwork by various former resident artists. The main attraction is Mamontov’s cozy dining room, E__________ his wife, as well as Valentin Serov’s luminous picture The Girl with Peaches. A striking majolica bench by Mikhail Vrubel is in the garden.

One of the main symbols of the estate is the Saviour Church, F__________. It is the prettiest building on the grounds. The structure is a perfect realization of the owner’s intentions to show his deep respect for the 14th-century Novgorod architecture.

1. who made his debut in Abramtsevo

2. which was built between 1881 and 1882

3. including Nikolai Gogol, Leo Tolstoy and

4. which was invented by a famous Russian writer

5. featuring Ilya Repin’s portraits of the patron and

6. who sought inspiration in the gardens and forests

7. who was a railway magnate and patron of the arts

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Aurora

The cruiser Aurora is a museum in St. Petersburg. It is a former Russian naval ship that has played an important part in the country’s history.

The Aurora was built between 1897 and 1900 at the Admiralty shipyard in St. Petersburg. The cruiser was one of the largest ships of its time. After its construction was complete, the Aurora took its place as part of the Russian 2nd Squadron in the Pacific Ocean. In May 1905, it took part in the Battle of Tsushima and was one of just a few Russian ships A__________. After the battle in the Baltic, it returned to St. Petersburg B__________.

The ship served during World War I. When it returned to St. Petersburg in 1916 for major repairs, the city was on the edge of revolution C__________ the 1917 February Revolution. Soon the Aurora was to play a huge part in the October revolution. The ship is famous for firing the shot D__________ the Winter Palace.

Once again in 1922, the Aurora served as a training ship. During World War II, the ship’s guns were removed to use for land defense. Unfortunately, being left defenseless it was sunk in Leningrad harbour to keep it from E__________. The ship was brought back to the surface in 1944 and later, after extensive repairs, it was permanently anchored at the harbour and became a museum in 1957.

The Aurora is now maintained by cadets from the nearby Nakhimov Navy School. Admission is free to the public, F__________ a small fee.

1. and many crew members joined

2. and became a cadet training ship

3. that survived the intense naval battle

4. that signaled the prepared attack on

5. protecting the territory of the harbour

6. falling into the hands of the Germans

7. though a visit to the engine room carries

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Veliky Novgorod

Veliky Novgorod, one of the most ancient cities of Russia, was founded in the 9-10th centuries. Veliky Novgorod was a political centre of vast territories stretching up from Baltic lands to the Urals. For a long time the city had been the largest centre of culture in Russia, A__________. Many outstanding monuments of medieval architecture and painting have been preserved in the city.

The Kremlin is one of the most popular sights. It was built in 1044 by order of Prince Jaroslav the Wise. It is surrounded by a wall 1487 metres long. It once had 12 towers, B__________. The particular characteristic of the Kremlin is a large number of churches on the area. The architecture represents the style of the 15th century. The area around the Kremlin is very well-kept C__________. From the bastions one will have a wonderful view over the whole city.

The outdoor Vitoslavlitsy Museum of Folk Wooden Architecture is a haven to the people D__________ with massive skyscrapers, business centres and shopping malls. The museum presents some excellent examples of wooden structures from different parts and suburbs of Veliky Novgorod. The scenery here is so quiet E__________ and will just enjoy the stunning view of the Russian village.

The visit to the city helps to get acquainted with the history and the way of life of common country folk F__________ in different times. 

1. and has a lot of green places

2. but now only 9 of them still exist

3. that they are protected by the state

4. where chronicles and books were created

5. who are tired of modern urban architecture

6. that one will easily forget about all the troubles

7. who lived on the territory of Novgorod principality

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Unique nature of Kamchatka

Kamchatka is a peninsula located in the north-eastern part of Russia. It is surrounded with the Okhotskoye Sea, the Beringovo Sea and the Pacific Ocean. This region has a very unique environment A__________ one is looking for picturesque views, unforgettable travels and unity with nature.

Kamchatka is famous for its volcanoes, B__________. Volcanoes are represented on Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the most eastern city in the northern hemisphere, coat of arms as well. There are more than 300 volcanoes in Kamchatka, from 28 up to 36 of them are active, or potentially active. Kamchatka volcanoes are included in the list of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

The region is also known C__________ –– rivers and lakes. Many Kamchatka rivers spring from mountain tops and glaciers, that is why they are very clean, and it is wonderful for those D__________. In general, there are up to 14 thousand rivers and streams, 100 thousand lakes and 414 glaciers in Kamchatka.

Kamchatka is a home to the Valley of Geysers, E__________ geysers in the world, after Icelandic geyser fields. It is not easily accessible, as long as it is too unique to be opened for tourists all the time. The Valley of Geysers’ ecosystem is very vulnerable, F__________ and regulate the visiting. In fact, the larger part of Kamchatka is preserved. There are many nature reserves and nature parks in Kamchatka. 

1. that makes it a place to visit when

2. to be a place of many water sources

3. so it is necessary to monitor it all the time

4. which are depicted on most souvenirs there

5. who love fishing, including Kamchatka bears

6. which has the second largest concentration of

7. to be a popular nature reserve and health resort

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Forbidden City

China’s largest and most important building is the Forbidden City, also known as the Imperial Palace. It is situated in the very heart of Beijing and it is a must-see A__________. Started between 1271-1368, much of the complex seen today was built between 1406 and 1420. Really many splendid palaces in one, this sprawling complex was the residence of 24 Ming and Qing emperors, B__________ other than the imperial family and their courtesans.

Covering some 720,000 square metres and protected by a 10-metre-high wall with watchtowers and a wide moat, this massive complex consists of different areas. They were set aside for ceremonial and administrative purposes, as well C__________. While it can take many hours to see everything, highlights include the five white marble Golden River Bridges and the Hall of Supreme Harmony, a 35-metre-tall building housing the imperial throne. One can enjoy the beautiful emperor’s banquet hall, D__________. There is the Palace Museum with its large collection of art and artifacts from the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Other important attractions in the area around the Imperial Palace include famous Tiananmen Square and the Temple of Heaven, one of the country’s most important religious sites, E__________, the period of the Ming dynasty. In 1987, the former imperial residence was listed F__________.   

1. which dates back to the 15th century

2. when visiting the country on a guided tour

3. who are concerned about the site protection

4. as a private residence used by the emperor

5. as a protected UNESCO World Heritage site

6. whose presence forbade the entry of anyone

7. which is known as the Hall of Preserving Harmony

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State Darwin Museum 

Charles Darwin was an English naturalist. He found that all species of life A__________ and worded out the scientific theory. According to it, evolution happens because of a process that is called natural selection.

The museum, like every prominent social and cultural event, has an individual initiative as its basis. The State Darwin Museum was B__________ and persuasion from A.F. Kots, a young Russian scientist who was very fond of Darwin. It was C__________ Higher Women’s Courses. It was the first museum of biological evolution and natural history in the world. Today the State Darwin Museum is D__________ three buildings with the total area more than
20 000 sq.m.

There are more than 5,000 items occupying the three floors of the museum. One of the most impressive sections has dinosaur models, presented with a fabulous dinosaur soundtrack. The museum E__________ the living world. It has a large display, which shows the variety of wildlife on earth, with animals from all climatic zones from the North Pole to the South.

One of the largest collections at the museum is the bird collection, which F__________ birds of paradise.

1. had evolved from common ancestors

2. built in Moscow in 1907, under pressure

3. showing most of the endangered species found in

4. the largest museum of natural science that occupies

5. established as an educational museum at the Moscow

6. presents complete scientific picture of the evolution of

7. consists of many exotic species, including hummingbirds and

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Wembley Stadium

Wembley Stadium connected by EE is the national stadium of England and the home of English football. With 90,000 seats, it is the largest sports venue in the UK A__________. Pelé named this magnificent venue “The Cathedral of Football”. Wembley Stadium (branded as “Wembley Stadium connected by EE for sponsorship reasons”) is internationally recognized B__________ the biggest events including UEFA Champions League Finals in 2011 and 2013, Gold medal matches at the 2012 Olympic Games, England internationals, Emirates FA Cup Finals, concerts and much more!

The stadium continues to develop C__________ attract world class events and most recently include investment in a new pitch, LED floodlights, PA system and changing rooms. Wembley reopened its doors in 2007. The stadium was designed with rows of seats D__________ than in the original stadium and with better uninterrupted views.

The stadium’s most striking feature is the 133-metre-tall arch that sits above the north side. With the diameter of 7,4 metres, the arch is wide enough for a Channel Tunnel train to run through. With the span of 315 metres, the arch is the longest single span roof structure in the world, E__________.
A representative from every county in England was involved in the construction of the arch. The stadium bowl protects fans from bad weather with a sliding roof F__________.

1. and is visible right across London

2. that can be closed and reopened

3. that are higher and closer to the pitch

4. that are built in the best possible way

5. to maintain industry-leading facilities that

6. and the second-largest stadium in Europe

7. as an iconic, world-class venue that hosts

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Peter and Paul Fortress

The Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg, located on small Hare Island, is the historic core of the city. The history of St. Petersburg begins with the history of the fortress.

Since 1700 Russia had been fighting the Northern War against Sweden. By 1703 the lands by the Neva River were conquered. To protect them from the attacks of the Swedes it was necessary to build a strong outpost here. The fortress was founded on Hare Island 16 (27) May, 1703 by joint plan of Peter I and French engineer Joseph-Gaspard Lambert de Guerin. This day is well known A__________.

The fortress stretches from west to east with six bastions B__________. The Peter’s Gate on the east side, C__________, has remained since the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Cathedral, D__________ emperors and the monument of Russian baroque, was completed after the death of the emperor, in 1733. The weathervane as a golden angel with a cross, E__________, is one of the main symbols of the city. On the opposite side of the cathedral, there is the Mint building, constructed in the time of Paul I by architect A. Porto. Coinage was moved to the fortress F__________ in the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Fortress has never directly participated in any fighting. From the very beginning of its existence it was used as a political prison. Since 1924 the Peter and Paul Fortress has been a part of the Museum of the History of St. Petersburg.

1. that are located at the corners

2. which was designed by D. Trezzini

3. as the most protected part of the city

4. which was the burial place of Russian

5. as the day of the birth of St. Petersburg

6. and reminding of the rich history of the city

7. which is located on the spire of the cathedral

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Sights of Sochi

Sochi is unique among other Russian cities because it has many aspects of a subtropical resort. Apart from the scenic Caucasus Mountains, pebble and sand beaches, the city attracts tourists with its vegetation, numerous parks, monuments, and extravagant architecture. About two million people visit Greater Sochi each summer, A__________. The famous Caucasian Biosphere Reserve, B__________, lies just north from the city.

Popularity of Sochi among tourists is largely explained by the beauty of its surroundings. Walking along the river Agura, everyone will admire the nature around, C__________, and amazing waterfalls. From the bridge over the Agura opens a magnificent view to the lowest Agura waterfall. In the shady Agura gorge tourists will feel the gentle coolness, D__________.

Akhun Mountain   the biggest in the region   has a beautiful tower on the top. The height of the tower is more than 30 metres, E__________ are stunning. The observation platform on the top of the tower gives a chance to take superb pictures of the city. Every year thousands of people visit this stone tower, F__________ the perfect view of the Black Sea coast and the Caucasus Mountains. It is a truly unforgettable experience. Tourists will enjoy visiting all the sights and the resort itself, full of exotic green and the boundless blue of the Black Sea. 

1. and the views that open from it

2. which is built on the top to give visitors

3. when the subtropical resort is almost empty

4. which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

5. enjoying the sound of birds singing and waterfalls gurgling

6. when the city is home to the annual film festival “Kinotavr”

7. including high cliffs, exotic vegetation, breathtaking canyons

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Cathedral of Christ the Saviour

This luxurious cathedral was completed in 1997 – just in time to celebrate Moscow’s 850th birthday. The cathedral’s sheer size and splendour guarantee its role A__________. Muscovites and the guests of Moscow can admire the beauty of this church in the city centre today. The shining gold domes are spectacular to look at from outside and even more impressive inside.

The Cathedral of Christ the Saviour is located on the bank of the river on the site of an earlier and similar church of the same name, B__________ Russia’s victory over Napoleon. The Cathedral replicates its predecessor in many ways. Frescoes around the main gallery depict scenes from the War of 1812, C__________.

The original church was destroyed in 1931, during Stalin’s hard times of the religion’s decay. His plan to replace the church with a 315-metre-high Palace of Soviets never got off the ground – literally. Instead, for 50 years the site had served another important purpose. It had been used D__________.

The original cathedral was built on a hill, which has been levelled since then. The contemporary cathedral has been constructed on a wide base, E__________ Church of Transfiguration. This ground-level chapel contains the unique old icon Christ Not Painted by Hand by Yevgraf Sorokin, F__________ the original cathedral.

1. as the world’s largest swimming pool

2. as a grand landmark of Russia’s capital

3. which was quite miraculously saved from

4. when the restoration work on the site began

5. which contains the smaller, but not less stunning

6. while marble plaques remember its participants

7. which was built in the 19th century to commemorate

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Burns Night

Each year Scottish people across the world celebrate a unique dinner known as “Burns Night”. This is A__________ called Robert Burns. Traditionally it happens on his birthday, the 25th January. Scotland can be very dark and cold at this time of year, so it’s B__________ with friends and family. Burns is still an important figure in Scotland and even though he died in 1796 at the age of 37, he was recently voted “The Greatest Scot”. His birthday has become as important as Scotland’s national day, St Andrew’s Day.

The idea for C__________ soon after his death, and these days is actually quite a complicated affair. To start people are sat down at the table and the host reads a poem called “The Selkirk Grace”. It’s normally done in a Scottish dialect which even English people find difficult to understand. Although Burns probably didn't actually write this, he is known D__________. Next, soup is served. The highlight though is listening to a bagpiper playing as the main course of haggis arrives.

Haggis is a special dish made from a mixture of sheep heart, lung and liver and oats, which is a bit like a giant sausage and surprisingly tasty. So tasty in fact that Robert Burns wrote E__________. After dinner there’s a speaker, who may recite more poetry and a toast is made to the memory of Robert Burns. Next F__________ about ladies and a female guest replies with a funny speech about men. Throughout the rest of the night there is even more of Burns’ poetry.

1. to have read it at a dinner

2. the next course is served which is

3. a male guest makes a funny speech

4. to remember a famous Scottish poet

5. an excellent reason to enjoy a large dinner

6. a poem about it called ‘Address to a Haggis’

7. a dinner started over two hundred years ago

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Going green

Green buildings. Green energy. Green cleaning. Once upon a time, green was just another colour in your crayon box. It was also a word A__________. In recent years, “green” has become the universal word for all environmentally friendly things.

The happy hum of a washing machine, B__________ are some of the soothing sounds of home. And there are times when these appliances are running all at once at your place. But as C__________ pollution. The more energy your home consumes, the harder power plants have to work, and the more pollution enters the environment.

As a resident of a fragile planet, you do want to do your part to help the environment. So you recycle, you use D__________ and you never let the water run while you’re brushing your teeth. But as you do your part to protect the environment, it’s important E__________ can also improve your health. For example, reducing carbon dioxide emissions can be achieved in many ways, and can benefit your health. By deciding to use your bike or walk to work, you benefit both F__________. You reduce your fossil fuel consumption and increase leisure-time physical activity and connect with others. So, don’t hesitate and go green whenever you can.

1. to keep in mind that living green

2. your health and the local environment

3. biking, walking or working from home

4. public transportation whenever you can

5. clothes dryer, dishwasher and refrigerator

6. the neighbour used to describe your garden

7. your electricity usage goes up, so does the air

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Saint Petersburg

 A city of palaces and museums, broad avenues and narrow canals, St. Petersburg’s short history is rich in architectural and artistic treasures. Alongside world-famous attractions such as the Hermitage and St. Isaac’s Cathedral, the city has a lot of equally interesting buildings A__________. St. Petersburg is considered to be Russia’s cultural capital. It reflects the country’s extraordinary fate like no other city.

St. Petersburg is a relatively young city, by both Russian and European standards, as B__________. Despite its short life, the city has a rich history. From the early days of Peter the Great to modern times, the city has always bustled with life and intrigue.

Lying across the delta of the Neva River, St. Petersburg, the Venice of the North, is a city C__________, some of which are well-known for their unique history. Bridges are an essential part of the city’s architectural make-up. Among the city’s over 500 bridges, there are numerous technological masterpieces. The centre of the city offers vast areas of green space, D__________.

St. Petersburg is a beautiful and fascinating holiday destination and one E__________. Whether to visit the city in a romantic and snowy Russian winter F__________, visitors will be spellbound by
St. Petersburg’s culture and beauty. 

1. that is built on hundreds of islands

2. or during the dazzling white nights in summer

3. it was only founded in 1703 by Tsar Peter the Great

4. or considering a variety of the trip accommodation offers

5. that reveal the mysterious and tragic genius of St. Petersburg

6. of the most intriguing and historically significant cities in Europe

7. including beautiful historic gardens and extensive leisure parks

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The wisteria tree

Would you like to visit the colourful jungle from The Avatar movie? Then it’s high time A__________ in Tochigi, Japan. Its fairytale-like scenery is so beautiful and enigmatic, it almost seems unreal. The park is home
to an ancient wisteria tree B__________ “the most beautiful in
the world.” At around 160 years old, the massive tree is stunning when in full bloom. The vertical flowers hang so far down that they nearly touch the ground and create a purplish-pink cloud that floats above the grass.

Human care helps to give Ashikaga’s wisteria tree its stunning appearance. Because of its age and the number of blooms, the tree branches are supported
by metal beams C__________ an amazing flower umbrella. When the night falls, thousands of lights illuminate the tree and make the spectacle all
the more awe-inspiring. With its fairytale feel, it’s no wonder that the tree D__________ around the world.

In 2014, Ashikaga Flower Park was selected as the “World’s Dream Travel Destination” by CNN. If E__________, the best time of year to do so is from the middle of April to the middle of May. Though a trip to Japan might be out of the question right now, the Ashikaga Flower Park website should give you a taste of what it’s like to see the wisteria tree in all its glory. It also F__________ currently in bloom —— including what they look like now.

1. that is often referred to as

2. has information about other flowers

3. you travelled to the Ashikaga Flower Park

4. you’d like to visit the wisteria tree yourself

5. we move our eyes across a variety of colours

6. has been a muse for landscape photographers

7. which stretch across more than 600 metres and form

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Tourism in Altai

Hundreds of tourists come to Altai every year. The most popular kinds of activities are climbing, snowboarding and hiking around the legendary routes. Cycling, diving, rafting, kayaking, sailing, swimming and fishing are widely enjoyed as well. Many people come there for more passive relaxation, such as spa, and feasting their eyes upon the flower of maralnik, A__________, blossoming in spring. Eco tourists are often attracted by collecting healing herbs, horse riding and participating in cultural events, such as the famous “Votetno” in summer, B__________.

Tourist season is in the full swing there usually in the summer. And there is no doubt that it is the perfect time for people C__________ different activities. In summer, one may do the full scope of season activities, from collecting herbs D__________ –– all those kinds of hot season entertainment for tourists.

Winter season begins in the region of Altai in December and ends in March. It is the perfect option E__________. Winter activities are skating and mountain skiing, riding Russian three horses (“troika”), driving snowmobiles and winter fishing. Everybody will find an entertainment to one’s taste. The most popular city for skiing is Belokurikha.

Another original way of staying in Altai is housekeeping and taking care of one’s own house and animals. It is the best option for those F__________ of busy cities.

1. which is a kind of rhododendron

2. for celebrating winter holidays there

3. who prefer peaceful life to the noise

4. who would like to be involved in many

5. to climbing, sailing, rafting and fishing

6. and enjoy many traditional winter sports

7. which is a local festival at the end of July

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The life of Pi

“The Life of Pi” published in 2001 is the third book by the Canadian author Yann Martel. It has A__________, won several prizes and been translated into forty-one languages.

At the start of the book, we B__________ in India. His father owns the city zoo and the family home is in the zoo. When they aren’t at school, Pi and his brother help their father at the zoo and he learns a lot about animals.

When Pi is sixteen, his parents decide to close the zoo and move to Canada. They travel by ship taking the animals with them. On the way, there is C__________. Sadly, Pi’s family and the sailors all die in the storm, but Pi lives and finds himself in a lifeboat with a hyena, zebra, orangutan and an enormous tiger. At first, Pi is scared of the animals and jumps into the ocean. Then he remembers there are sharks in the water and decides to climb back into the lifeboat. One by one, the animals in the lifeboat kill and eat each other, till only Pi and the tiger are left alive. Luckily for Pi, there is D__________, but he soon needs to start catching fish. He feeds the tiger to stop it killing and eating him. He also uses a whistle and E__________ and show it that he’s the boss.

Pi and the tiger spend 227 days in the lifeboat. They live through terrible storms and the burning heat of the Pacific sun. They are often hungry and ill. Finally, they arrive at the coast of Mexico, but you will have to F__________ in the end!

1. a terrible storm and the ship sinks

2. received an award for being strong

3. some food and water on the lifeboat

4. sold seven million copies worldwide

5. read the book to find out what happens

6. learn about Pi’s childhood in Pondicherry

7. his knowledge of animals to control the tiger

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Russian souvenirs

When you travel to Russia, you will undoubtedly want to bring back a memento from your trip, not to mention small souvenirs for important people back home. It’s very easy in Russia to fall A__________ Matryoshka dolls from one of the massive souvenir markets. If you’re travelling on a budget, you don’t have to hunt B__________ magnet. Choose one of these interesting, unique, and truly Russian gifts instead.

Russia makes some incredible candy and chocolate, and you can find these for sale in almost any Russian shop. Sometimes you can even C__________ the shop there. You can’t go wrong with Russian candy, but be careful, don’t go for the cheapest kind of chocolate, and obviously don’t buy anything that is clearly not Russian.

Another option is “Valenki”: traditional Russian winter boots, made out of sheep’s wool felt. They usually don’t D__________ grey felt, and are thus often worn with “galoshes”, or rubber boots. These days you can find valenki combined with rubber soles to make a real shoe. One way or E__________ Russia. They’re warm and they make great slippers and presents for babies and children.

Russia is also famous F__________ authentic and inexpensive gift would be a Russian classic. You can find Russian books in translation in many bookstores.

1. others bring cheap souvenirs from

2. visit the factory and buy chocolate in

3. have a hard sole, just one thick piece of

4. into the tourist trap of buying overpriced

5. around for the cheapest nesting doll set or

6. another, they are a gift straight out of historical

7. for its authors, poets, and playwrights, so a great

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Chinese tea house in Moscow

The bright building on Myasnitskaya Street in Moscow stands out among others and attracts the attention of passers-by with its non-typical elements for Russian architecture. The tea house resembles a Chinese pagoda and it is considered to be the real office of a company that was involved in tea trade.

This house in the Chinese style was built for the tea merchant Sergei Vasilievich Perlov A__________ in order to establish his own business. He bought the land on Myasnitskaya Street in the centre of Moscow in 1875, B__________ in 1891. The construction was finished by 1893. The first floor was for Perlov’s tea shop, C__________ profitable apartments for rent and the host’s own family.

The front side of the newly built house was redecorated in the Chinese style after several years. A little tower in the form of a pagoda appeared D__________ molded dragons, snakes, Chinese umbrellas and lanterns. Some materials for decoration were even brought directly from China. It was made before the visit of the Chinese Ambassador Li Hongzhang, E__________ Nikolai II and Alexandra Fyodorovna coronation. The merchant Perlov thought that it might be useful for his tea business F__________ at this house. He preferred the house of Perlov’s brother and competitor. But thanks to this case now there is a beautiful exotic building right in the city centre, as if it came right from another part of the world. 

1. who was going to visit Moscow for

2. who left the family tea trade company

3. and the other two floors were used for

4. and began to build the new house on it

5. and the front side was decorated with

6. which was imported mainly from China

7. but the Ambassador did not in fact stay

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Russian food

Russian food is full of flavour and Russian cuisine is as diverse as the regions in the huge country. It may not be the first to come to mind A__________, but the country has plenty of delicious traditional dishes to try. Visitors to Russia are often surprised at the variety and flavors of Russian cuisine, which is influenced by Russia’s connection to Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. The most classic Russian recipes B__________, porridges, and stuffed dough. Sour cream accompanies many dishes.

Russian food is famously heavy, filled with potatoes, mayonnaise, meat, and other delicious but not-too-healthy things. Yet, not all Russian food is a calorie bomb! There are C__________ also very healthy. If you’re watching your diet but D__________ food, the best one is borscht.

Borscht is a beet soup that originated in Ukraine and was quickly adopted as a Russian specialty as well. This soup may taste strange, but E__________ you, as it is filled with cheap and healthy root vegetables like beets and carrots. It can be served with sour cream or yogurt and a sprinkle of fresh parsley on top. It takes quite a long time to make, but I do recommend making the stock from scratch instead of using store-bought. If you find that the stock is still lacking in flavour for whatever reason, F__________ the water.

1. when you think of a food destination

2. don’t hesitate to add a bouillon cube to

3. especially vegetable soups, pasta and stews

4. it is actually incredibly healthy and good for

5. are made of veggies and wheat, such as soups

6. still want to try some traditional Russian dinner

7. some dinner dishes which are not only delicious but

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Nevsky Prospect

Nevsky Prospect is the main and most famous street of St. Petersburg. The unique architectural ensemble of Nevsky Prospect was formed during the 18th –– early 20th centuries. It starts from the bank of the Neva River, runs through the centre of the city and ends at the Neva River. The whole history of St. Petersburg can be seen in the history of the avenue. The length of Nevsky Prospect is 4.5 km, the width is 25-60 m. The narrowest section is located from the Admiralty to the Moika River, A__________.

After the construction of the Admiralty in 1704 and the Alexander Nevsky Monastery in 1710, it was decided to build a road B__________ each other and with the Novgorod Path, which was used by Russian merchants. The construction began on both sides at the same time, the roads were laid through the wood, and in 1760s they were connected into one road, C__________, but with a turn at the Vosstaniya Square. Nevsky Prospect got its name only in 1783. The road was paved with cobble stones, D__________. It was the first street in St. Petersburg with gas lighting. By the early 20th century Nevsky Prospect had become the financial centre of Russia E__________ had their offices there.

Nowadays, Nevsky Prospect is the centre of cultural and social life of
St. Petersburg. There are museums, theatres, exhibition halls, cinemas, restaurants, cafés, shops F__________.

1. and hotels there or nearby the avenue

2. showing the original width of the avenue

3. which was not as straight as it was planned

4. which were built by famous architects and

5. connecting these two important structures with

6. and a few rows of trees were planted along the street

7. as the 40 largest banks of Russia, Europe and America