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ЕГЭ по английскому языку Задание №23 Грамматические навыки формообразование 23 (Заполнение пропуска)

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Пример ответа: was built

Street Styles

Many people, especially young people, wear things which express their ideas and feelings about life. If a boy (19) _________ (HAVE) very short, almost shaven hair, people expect him to have right wing politics. But boys with very long hair (20) _________ (THINK) to have left wing politics. A boy who wears a leather jacket (21) _________ (COVER) in bits of metal will probably ride a motorbike. The rules of fashion are not as rigid as they once were and today’s teenagers (22) _________ (NOT FOLLOW) any particular trend at all. But teens are very influenced by (23) _________ (CELEBRITY) and they have a desire to buy more luxurious items. Street styles (24) _________ (NOT CREATE) by the big fashion designers. In fact, the fashion designers often use ideas from street fashions.But some leaders of British fashion have enough ideas of their own. One of them is Jean Muir, whose designs made her one of the best designers.

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Пример ответа: was built

Headphones

"Orlando, are you hungry yet?" Mom asked my older brother again. He always wears headphones on road trips, and we have to repeat whatever we say to him because he never (19)______________(HEAR) it the first time. 

It is so annoying. When I try to tell him stuff, he can't wait to put his headphones back on. So I chat with my parents, my dog and even (20) __________________(I). 

I shouldn't be expected to stay silent, should I? I couldn't be silent even if I (21) __________________(TRY).

The First Airplane Flight

Wilbur and Orville Wright read everything they could find about flying machines. They began building their own airplane in 1900. They carefully made and tested every part of the airplane. Finally, the airplane (22) _________________(BUILD). On a cold, windy day in December 1903, they

(23) ______________(FLY) their plane for the first time. Orville was the pilot as the plane lifted into the air. It stayed in the air for only 12 seconds and travelled just 120 feet the first time.

After three more tries that same day, the plane’s (24) __________(LONG) trip was almost a full minute and more than 850 feet.

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Пример ответа: was built

Barcelona 

Barcelona offers an exciting mixture of Catalan history and architecture. It is a regionally dominant city and it (19)____________(NOT HAVE) to compete with its neighbours.

Barcelona (20)___(BE) popular since the city hosted the 1992 Olympics. At present this metropolis welcomes millions of tourists every year.

(21)___(WOMAN) make up the majority of the city's visitors. It's not surprising because Barcelona's shops offer a wide variety of fashionable clothes.

Baghdad

Baghdad is the capital of Iraq. Located along historic trade routes, it (22)___(BE) an important city in the Middle East for thousands of years.

It is also the (23)___(LARGE) city in the country.

In 1991 and again in the early 2000s it was the scene of heavy fighting during U.S. led attacks on Iraq. Parts of the city (24)___(DESTROY).

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Пример ответа: was built

A Walking House

Can you imagine a house that can walk? An innovative prototype of a walking house (19)__________ (INTRODUCE) last year in England. The best thing about it is that this eco-friendly house has everything necessary – a kitchen, a composting toilet, a method to collect rain water, and so on. Without a doubt, such houses (20)__________(ATTRACT) enthusiastic travellers in the near future. The (21)__________(ONE) samples are already on sale.

Live green!

The Oriental Development Company is an enterprise in Japan. It specializes in green inventions. One of their newest inventions is connected with (22)__________ (RECYCLE) paper.

The machine can recycle waste paper. It (23)__________ (INTRODUCE) to the public several months ago.

A big advantage is that this machine (24)__________ (NOT PRODUCE) any harmful emissions.

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Пример ответа: was built

Alexander Remizov

Alexander Remizov is an architect who has two major objectives. (19)_________ (HE) first aim is to protect the natural world from mankind, and second is to protect mankind from extreme environmental conditions (20) _________ (CAUSE) by climate change. 

His firm, which (21) _________ (SUPPORT) by the Architecture For Disaster Relief programme, (22)_________ (DESIGN) a futuristic hotel called The Ark. It is an impressive construction of arches and cables that (23)_________ (LOOK) like a giant shell. It is almost indestructible as it is built to withstand phenomena such as earthquakes and tsunamis. On top of that, it has a rainwater collection system and power is provided by solar panels. Indeed, this hotel is famous for (24)_________ (BE) sustainable as well as strong.

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Пример ответа: was built

Thomas Midgely Jr. might just be the (19) __________ (BAD) scientist ever.

This American inventor has caused more damage to the environment than any other person in history! Midgely was born in 1889. After leaving university, he (20)__________ (WORK) as a chemist. He discovered that putting lead into gasoline made car engines work (21) __________ (GOOD). He also worked on a project to develop refrigerators. He invented the chemical 'Freon' which (22) __________ (USE) in household appliances all over the world today.

While (23) __________ (HE) inventions made a lot of money, they were terrible for the environment! Lead causes air pollution and health problems. Freon is a CFC gas, and we now know it's responsible for destroying the ozone layer.

So, next time you when (24) __________ (HAVE) a bad day, remember Thomas Midgely and remind yourself—you could always be doing worse!

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Пример ответа: was built

Khokhloma tableware

You can find spoons or other tableware of Khokhloma in almost every Russian home. Khokhloma tableware looks very beautiful with its black, red and golden ornaments. For many years Khokhloma craftsmen (19)__________________(PASS) the secrets of their craft from father to son.

(20)__________________(THIS) secrets allow them to make such great things. For instance, Khokhloma tableware is resistant to temperature changes.

Its painted decoration (21)__________________(NOT CRACK) even after being in the freezer for some time. Khokhloma spoons in particular can be found in almost every Russian household.

They (22)__________________(MAKE) of wood only and have beautiful red and golden ornaments against the black background.

Some people think such spoons are just nice souvenirs, but in fact, they can be used in everyday life. You can eat or cook (23)__________________(USE) these spoons as they are resistant to changes of temperature.

Small (24)__________________(CHILD) like to play with Khokhloma spoons and use them as musical instruments.

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Scientists Start Huge Search for ET

Is there life on other planets? Are we alone? These are two of the (19) _________(BIG) questions humans have been asking for centuries. Now, scientists (20) _________(LAUNCH) a new search to find out if there is... anybody... out there. The researchers are from the SETI Institute in California. SETI (21)_________ (STAND) for Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence. The mission of SETI is “to explore, understand and explain the origin and nature of life in the universe and the evolution of intelligence.” SETI scientists will use new technologies to scan the heavens for signs of alien life. They (22) _________(SHARE) their data with the public. SETI hopes that by sharing data, “citizen scientists” could spot things (23) _________(MISS) by scientists.

SETI’s astronomers will use 28 giant radio telescopes in their search for alien life. Now the telescopes (24) _________(LOCATE) all around the world. It will be the first time that a project will search the entire sky for signs of alien life.

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Emoji

Emoji is a Japanese word to denote ideograms and smileys. People often put (19)___(THIS) emoticons in their electronic messages and Web pages. They (20)___(INTRODUCE) in the 1990s. Since that time they (21)___(BECOME) immensely popular worldwide, much thanks to their international inclusion in smartphones. 

Hi-tech Cleaning 

A cleaning wand is a totally new invention. It features the advanced UV-C technology that helps to kill bacteria and germs. It's the (22)___ (ONE) ever cleaning device you can literally take anywhere. The (23)___ (GOOD) thing about it is that it can clean anything. There's no doubt that (24)___ (WOMAN) are going to like this invention very much.

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Пример ответа: was built

Alexander Pushkin

Alexander Pushkin was a 19th-century Russian poet, novelist, dramatist, and short-story writer. He (19) _________ (REMEMBER) as the founder of modern  Russian literature, and his works have been adapted into operas by several Russian composers.

Raised in a neglected environment, Pushkin began his literary pursuits at an early age. However, he eventually became rebellious in his compositions. His works began infuriating the (20) _______ (RULE) government. As a result, Pushkin was sent into exile, Alter almost 6 years of exile, Pushkin was finally released from deportation, but the tsar applied censorship to his writings.

The History of Moscow

What do you know about the history of Moscow? The first documentary reference to Moscow (21) _______ (FIND) monastic chronicles under the 1147, when on April 4 Yuri Vladimirovich Dolgorukiy, year many years ago in the early prince of Suzdal, was host at a "great banquet" for his ally the prince of Novgorod-Seversky "in Moscow."

This is the traditional date of Moscow's founding, although archaeological evidence showed that a settlement (22) ______ (EXIST) on the site since Neolithic times.

Archaeological work has also revealed the remains of roads and evidence of iron and leather working (23) _______ (DATE) from the 11th century.

Defense was essential to protect the growing settlement, and in 1156 the first fortifications were built on the relatively high spit of land between the Moscow River and a small tributary, the Neglinnaya. The Neglinnaya now flows through an underground conduit, but part of its course (24)______ (TRACE) by a street of the same name.

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Listening to the radio 

Many of us get our news and entertainment from television and the Internet. You might be surprised to learn, then, that people who listen to the radio are much happier than (19)________ (THAT) people who use the other media outlets. 

It makes perfect sense when you think about it. Television and the Internet offer entertainment, but negative activity (20)_________ (INCLUDE) in the mix as well. We sometimes see saddening news reports, and we do tedious things online, such as check account balances. 

With radio, people listen to it because they want to feel good. It seems that in recent years we (21)__________ (FORGET) about the joy radio gives us because we focus on television and the Internet so much.  

Funny noise 

Maria was lying on her bed reading quietly. All of a sudden, she heard the strangest noise, which sounded something like insects, (22)___________ (COME) from the living room. Initially, she tried to ignore it but it just became more and more annoying. So, finally she (23)__________ (GO) to investigate. There in the living room, on the coffee table, was her laptop. On the screen, a pop-up advert (24)_________ (APPEAR), probably half an hour earlier, for a game with thousands of crickets. With one quick click, there was peace and quiet in the house again.

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A special occasion

Sarah and John worked for a transport service helping elderly people get round town. It was Friday and they (19)________ (DRIVE) through heavy London traffic to get to Ms Harris’s house to take her to her doctor’s surgery. 

 When they arrived, they rang the bell and were greeted by Ms Harris. "Please, come inside. I’m not quite ready to leave, so have a seat and make (20)________ (YOU) comfortable," she said. 

 They sat in her living room and waited, but after about fifteen minutes, they started to worry. "Maybe she (21)__________ (FALL) down and she can’t get up," said Sarah. 

 Just then, they heard Ms Harris coming down the stairs. She was wearing a black evening gown and a diamond tiara. Sarah and John were surprised and thought Ms Harris (22)_________ (MAKE) a mistake. When John asked where they were going, Ms Harris replied, "To Dr Amherst’s surgery. I’m his date for the awards ceremony honouring his work!" 

Sepak takraw

Have you heard of sepak takraw? It's a sport in Southeast Asia which (23)__________ (PLAY) like volleyball, except players use their feet to kick the ball and not their hands.

The word ‘sepak’ is Malay for ‘kick’ and ‘takraw’ is Thai for ‘woven ball’; thus, the name of the sport literally means ‘kick ball’. The combination of these words from different languages represents a symbol of solidarity between two of the (24)________ (POWERFUL) countries in the region.

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Mysterious places in Russia

Russia has a lot of mysterious places. One of them is Karandash, which means a pencil in Russian. It is a small mountain in the southern Urals. Despite being only 610 metres tall, it is very important for scientists because it holds the title of being the (19)__________________(OLD) mountain in the world.

It (20)__________________(BELIEVE) to be about 4.2 billion years old whereas our planet is about 4.75 billion years old.

So far, scientists (21)__________________(FIND) some interesting minerals in Karandash which prove that this mountain used to be a part of the supercontinent that existed 2 billion years ago. Another place is Manpupunyor. It may be hard to pronounce the name of this mysterious plateau, but this place is one of the top attractions of Russia for curious tourists.

The name of the plateau is translated from a local language as The Small Mountain of Idols. Six rock formations from 30 to 42 meters tall stand in a row, while the (22)__________________ (SEVEN) one stands alone.

According to a legend, (23) __________________(THIS) seven rocks were giant men who wanted to conquer the locals.

However, they (24)__________________(TURN) into stones by a shaman ages ago.

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People were afraid of this strange and terrible beast (19)_________ (LIVE) in a deep, dark Labyrinth on the island of Crete. The Labyrinth (20)_________ (DESIGN) by the ingenious mind of Daedalus. Daedalus was a brilliant architect and inventor – in fact, he was so brilliant that King Minos of Crete (21)_________ (NOT WANT) to let him go back to his home in Athens. Instead, he kept him as prisoner. Daedalus lived with his son Icarus in a tower of the palace, and King Minos made him invent weapons of war that would make his army and navy even (22)_________ (POWERFUL) than they already were. Although Daedalus and Icarus had every comfort that they (23)_________ (CAN) ask for, the father longed to return home to Athens. Icarus hardly remembered his city, but he too wanted to leave, because he longed to run and play in the open, rather than be in a tower all day. Daedalus looked out over the waves of the sea, and he realised that even if they managed to slip out of the tower and find a little boat, they would not be able to sail far. One of King Minos's (24)_________ (SEAMAN) would spot and catch them very soon.

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A cleaning wand

A cleaning wand is a totally new invention. It features the advanced UV-C technology that helps to kill bacteria and germs. It's the (19)_________ (ONE) ever cleaning device you can literally take anywhere.

The (20)_________ (GOOD) thing about it is that it can clean anything.

There's no doubt that (21)_________ (WOMAN) are going to like this invention very much.

Robert Heinlein

Robert A. Heinlein was a US science fiction author. He was among those writers who emphasized scientific accuracy in their fiction. He also (22)_________ (THINK) it was necessary to challenge the readers.

He pointed out it was necessary to develop (23)_________ (THEY) critical thinking.

He pointed out that any science fiction book (24)_________ (BE) a success if the author followed these two important principles.

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The Thorn Birds

The Thorn Birds is a 1977 bestselling novel by the Australian author Colin McCullough. The story gives (19)_________ (WE) information about life on Australian sheep stations, but it also includes a dramatic love story.

The book (20)_________ (BRING) the writer international fame as soon as it was published.

In 1983 it was adapted into a TV miniseries (21)_________ (STAR) Richard Chamberlain and Rachel Ward.

GPS functions

Car GPS Tracking appears a lot in new vehicles, offering drivers tracking and navigation.

Yet, the (22)_________ (LATE) inventions are even more modern and sophisticated, offering extra opportunities to people.

Smart box technology is one example of how car GPS tracking systems (23)_________ (USE) to lower car insurance. I

f the driver (24)_________ (NOT BREAK) the rules, he gets a discount or an insurance premium. Without doubt, this new technology will become popular among drivers very soon.

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Пример ответа: did not know

A phone call

Among the e-mails waiting for me at work one morning was one from a member of my staff. It was sent from his personal e-mail address and there was only his home phone number. Thinking something was wrong, I immediately called (19) ___________ (HE).

A sleepy female voice answered and told me he was at work and (20)__________ (COME) home late in the evening.

The (21)_________ (BAD) moment was when I remembered that I had recently asked staff members to give me their home numbers. I went right down to the employee’s office to apologize for my call.

(22)__________ (LATE), however, he thanked me. I had awakened his daughter, who had an exam that morning but had forgotten to set her alarm. Thanks to my call, she hadn't missed the exam.
March 8 in Russia

In English-speaking countries they celebrate Valentine’s Day and Mother’s Day. In Russia we celebrate the International Women’s Day. Though it (23)________ (CALL) ‘International’, it is observed only in Russia and some CIS countries.

Boys and (24) __________ (MAN) bring flowers and small presents to girls and women they work or study with.

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Пример ответа: did not know

Why do the Chinese call the Yellow River in China “China’s Sorrow”?

The Huang He, or Yellow River, in China is called “China’s Sorrow” by the Chinese themselves. Since long ago, flooding (19)________ (BE) a serious problem.

The (20)___________ (BAD) most sorrowful flood on record happened in 1931.

The waters began to rise in July, and by November of that year, more than 40,000 square miles had been flooded, (21)_________ (LEAVE) 80 million people homeless.

A rabbit and a tortoise

Once there lived a rabbit and a tortoise. The rabbit challenged the tortoise to have a race with (22)________ (HE). The tortoise agreed and they started the race.

The rabbit ran (23) ___________ (FAST) than the tortoise, and in a few minutes he was near the crossing line. He couldn’t see the tortoise, so he decided to rest for a while till the tortoise arrived and then he would quickly cross the line.

The rabbit lay down under a tree and soon he was asleep. When he awoke, he saw that the tortoise (24) __________ (CROSS) the line.

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Пример ответа: did not know

Excuses, excuses...

For years my husband, Tom, and I had complained bitterly about the lack of sidewalks in our village. We didn’t have enough exercise but we (19)_________ (NOT CAN) jog because there were no sidewalks.
Tom had often told (20)_________ (I), «If only we had sidewalks, we would jog or walk daily and become models of fitness».

So we were thrilled when a community sidewalk project was announced, and watched eagerly as paving neared completion. Then the (21)_________ (BAD) thing happened: wishful thinking and reality collided.
«Well, dear,» Tom said. «What’ll we use as an excuse for not walking now?» I said I (22)_________ (THINK) of some excuse.

Memorial Day

In the USA, Memorial Day is the last Monday in May. Memorial Day (23)_________ (DECLARE) a national holiday in 1971.

But the tradition of honoring those who died in defense of (24)__________ (THEY) country goes back to the Civil War. The tradition to hold memorial services, visit the cemeteries, decorate the graves with flowers and wreaths originated in Waterloo, New York, in 1866.

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Пример ответа: did not know

New Zealand: geography

New Zealand consists of two main islands and a number of smaller islands so scattered that they range from the tropical to the Antarctic. New Zealand (19)_________ (LOCATE) about 2,012 km southeast of Australia.

The two main islands are the North Island and the South Island, (20)_________ (SEPARATE) by Cook Strait. The North Island is 829 km long and volcanic in its south-central part.

Enough is enough

A woman came to President Abraham Lincoln and told him with a commanding air: “Mr. President, you must make my son a general. Sir, I demand it not as a favor, but as a right. My grandfather (21)_________ (FIGHT) at Lexington.

My father was the only man who (22)__________ (NOT RUN) away at Bladensburg.

My husband (23)_________ (KILL) at Monterrey.”

“I guess, madam,” said Lincoln, “your family (24)__________ (DO) enough for the country. It is time to give somebody else a chance.”

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Пример ответа: did not do

A Smart Boy

Mr. Jones and Mr. Brown worked in the same office. Their (19)__________ (WIFE) were good friends. One day Mr. Jones invited Mr. Brown to a small party.

Mr. Brown went into the other room and telephoned. He (20)___________ (SURPRISE) very much by his telephone conversation.

When he came back Mr. Jones asked him, “Have you spoken to your wife already?” “No, she (21)____________ (NOT BE) there when I phoned. My small son answered the phone. I asked him, “Is your mother there?” And he said, “She is somewhere outside”.

“Why is she outside?” I asked. “She (22)___________ (LOOK) for me”, he answered.

Maslenitsa

Have you ever celebrated Maslenitsa? It is one of the (23)___________ (POPULAR) festivals in Russia. It signals the end of winter and welcomes the coming of spring.

Russian pancakes — blini — are very important in the celebration of Maslenitsa. Blini (24)___________ (EAT) with jam, sour cream, and of course, lots of butter.

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Пример ответа: did not know

Natural Wonders: Meteor Crater

Some of the natural wonders are known for their beauty. The Meteor Crater is not one of them. It looks like a big hole in the desert. It (19)_________ (CAUSE) by a meteorite hitting the earth thousands of years ago.

The crater is 4,145 feet across, and 570 feet deep. It is the (20)__________ (LARGE) impact crater in the entire world.

When Europeans discovered it in 1871, they (21)_________ (THINK) it was the top of a volcano.

It was simple

One day last summer my nine-year-old daughter went off to the camp. All her things (22)_________ (PACK) in a small bag.

Two weeks later, Anna came back home and I unpacked her things. Everything was clean and well folded. “Camp sure has changed you. Your things look much (23)_________ (GOOD) than usual.”

“It was simple, Mom,” she answered. “I didn’t unpack. Many (24)_________ (CHILD) did the same.”

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The Climate of Russia

Russia has a varied climate. Almost all of Russia (19)__________ (SITUATE) in the North Temperature Zone.

The climate is continental; however, the fluctuations in temperature are (20)_________ (GREAT) than in other European countries.

The extreme north is a cold bare region — the tundra. For more than six months it (21)_________ (BURY) in snow.

This region can be called the land of (22)_________ (FREEZE) rivers.

In May the temperature begins to rise. The gloomy night is succeeded by continuous daylight, when the sun (23)_________ (NOT SINK) below the horizon for several months.

The better part of Russia is not influenced by the warm winds of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. There are no mountains in the north to form a barrier against the cold winds (24)_________ (BLOW) from the Arctic Ocean.

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Пример ответа: did not know

Who really discovered America?

Everybody knows that Christopher Columbus discovered America. Was he really the first to reach the continent? The great Norwegian explorer Thor Heyerdal believed that ancient people were able to build boats that (19)__________ (CAN) cross oceans.

To test his ideas, Heyerdal decided to build a copy of the ancient Egyptian boat and sail across the Atlantic. On May 25, 1969 the boat called Ra left a port in Morocco and headed across the (20)__________ (WIDE) part of the Atlantic.

On May 17, 1970 Ra successfully crossed the Atlantic, (21)__________ (PROVE) that ancient civilizations had enough skill to reach America long before Columbus.

Greek myths: Apollo and Cassandra

In ancient Greece there were many temples built for Apollo. He was the god of youth, beauty, music and poetry. Besides, Apollo had one very special skill — he could see the future. One day Apollo came to the temple in Troy. Among other (22)__________ (WOMAN) he saw Cassandra, a young and beautiful priestess, who worked at the temple.

The minute Apollo saw Cassandra, he (23)__________ (FALL) in love. It was love at first sight. Apollo offered her a deal. He would give Cassandra the gift of being able to see the future, if she gave him a kiss. Cassandra agreed.

With a laugh, Apollo gave her the gift, (24)__________ (DREAM) about the reward. Instantly, Cassandra could see the future. She saw Apollo, in the future, helping to destroy Troy.

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Пример ответа: did not know

The Emperor’s Seed

Once there lived an old emperor who had no children. He (19)_________ (NOT CAN) choose his successor for a long time.

Then he called all the young people in the kingdom together and said, «I’ll give each one of you a seed today. I want you to go home, plant it, water it and come back here one year from today with what you have grown from this one seed.» A boy named Ling also got a seed. He came home and told his mother that he (20)_________ (GROW) the best plant.

She helped (21)_________ (HE) plant the seed. Every day he watered it but nothing grew.

A year passed and Ling took his empty pot to the palace while all the rest brought some beautiful plants. The emperor said, «Lying is the (22)_________ (BAD) thing in the world. I gave you all spoilt seeds. Nothing grows from spoilt seeds». So Ling became the new emperor.

Roald Dahl

Roald Dahl, a famous British writer, was Norwegian by birth. Dahl (23)_________ (NAME) after the Polar explorer Roald Amundsen, a national hero in Norway at the time. During the Second World War Dahl served in the Royal Air Force as a fighter pilot.
Dahl became well-known in 1940s with works for both (24)_________ (CHILD) and adults.