Банк заданий
ЕГЭ по английскому языку

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Life hacks for visiting Russia

Planning a holiday in Russia and don’t want to break the bank? Here are a few hacks to help your journey around the world’s biggest country on a shoestring.

Like people from all over the world, many Russians are open to volunteering in exchange for food, accommodation, and new experiences. There is, for example, the Help Exchange advertising service. Foreigners are invited as volunteers by small companies, families, children’s camps, and even the Academy of Sciences. The conditions depend on the host but be sure that for interesting offers there will be stiff competition: you have to monitor the offers and respond quickly. It helps if you have recommendations. Last year, on a competitive basis, me and my friends managed to go to Ferapontovo (an ancient monastery on the UNESCO World Heritage list), to Kamchatka and Siberia, and to a summer camp on Lake Baikal. The “hottest” time is the summer season. The obvious plus – apart from the fact that you pay almost nothing – is that many hosts provide help with visas and pay for your journey. And the minus is that you will really have to work.

Big cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg offer the Russian tourist the CityPass, which entitles you to free museum admissions and excursions, admission without queuing, river cruises, discounts for taxis and restaurants, unlimited calls within Russia, and many other benefits. It may seem a bit costly but it will save you much more. You can also save money without a tourist pass. If you are not too shy, remember: in Russia, you can enter many museums and parks at the exits but I wouldn’t go for it.

Another life hack is to check on free admission days. Every museum has free admission days. At the Hermitage in St. Petersburg the first Thursday of each month is a free day, while at the New Tretyakov Gallery in the Russian capital it is every Wednesday.

As a rule, tickets to museums and art galleries cost more for foreign nationals than locals. Tourists who don’t want to pay extra can ask a Russian to buy tickets for them. And don’t waste money on an audio guide. To be honest, you won’t need it. You can download audio guides in English for many popular museums in Russia from the App Store.

As for eating out while travelling in Russia, there are a number of pretty cheap options. You can find special offers in Russian cafés and restaurants at any time of the day. Canteens (cheap restaurants that serve homemade dishes) are a win-win option. Here, a soup, main course, drink, and dessert will cost you just 250-300 rubles or cheaper.

I had the following routine when travelling around Russia. In the morning I had breakfast in canteens attached to institutes or ordinary public canteens, which you can find on 2Gis (a multilingual digital service that has city maps and tells you how much the average bill in different eateries will be). For lunch I would go to any place serving business lunches (many restaurants offer them between 12:00 and 17:00), giving preference to places with a high rating. And for dinner I would use coupons from special websites available only in Russian – a sushi selection at a 50-percent discount is very filling and very tasty. Or on some evenings I cooked my own dinner buying food in a supermarket.

Not many people know how to save while travelling but if you prepare yourself in advance by reading tips from experienced travellers, you may visit more places and spend less money while enjoying it nonetheless.

16. The author says canteens are “a win-win option” because they …

1) often have special offers.

2) serve delicious meals.

3) offer inexpensive dishes.

4) are open at any time of the day.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Life hacks for visiting Russia

Planning a holiday in Russia and don’t want to break the bank? Here are a few hacks to help your journey around the world’s biggest country on a shoestring.

Like people from all over the world, many Russians are open to volunteering in exchange for food, accommodation, and new experiences. There is, for example, the Help Exchange advertising service. Foreigners are invited as volunteers by small companies, families, children’s camps, and even the Academy of Sciences. The conditions depend on the host but be sure that for interesting offers there will be stiff competition: you have to monitor the offers and respond quickly. It helps if you have recommendations. Last year, on a competitive basis, me and my friends managed to go to Ferapontovo (an ancient monastery on the UNESCO World Heritage list), to Kamchatka and Siberia, and to a summer camp on Lake Baikal. The “hottest” time is the summer season. The obvious plus – apart from the fact that you pay almost nothing – is that many hosts provide help with visas and pay for your journey. And the minus is that you will really have to work.

Big cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg offer the Russian tourist the CityPass, which entitles you to free museum admissions and excursions, admission without queuing, river cruises, discounts for taxis and restaurants, unlimited calls within Russia, and many other benefits. It may seem a bit costly but it will save you much more. You can also save money without a tourist pass. If you are not too shy, remember: in Russia, you can enter many museums and parks at the exits but I wouldn’t go for it.

Another life hack is to check on free admission days. Every museum has free admission days. At the Hermitage in St. Petersburg the first Thursday of each month is a free day, while at the New Tretyakov Gallery in the Russian capital it is every Wednesday.

As a rule, tickets to museums and art galleries cost more for foreign nationals than locals. Tourists who don’t want to pay extra can ask a Russian to buy tickets for them. And don’t waste money on an audio guide. To be honest, you won’t need it. You can download audio guides in English for many popular museums in Russia from the App Store.

As for eating out while travelling in Russia, there are a number of pretty cheap options. You can find special offers in Russian cafés and restaurants at any time of the day. Canteens (cheap restaurants that serve homemade dishes) are a win-win option. Here, a soup, main course, drink, and dessert will cost you just 250-300 rubles or cheaper.

I had the following routine when travelling around Russia. In the morning I had breakfast in canteens attached to institutes or ordinary public canteens, which you can find on 2Gis (a multilingual digital service that has city maps and tells you how much the average bill in different eateries will be). For lunch I would go to any place serving business lunches (many restaurants offer them between 12:00 and 17:00), giving preference to places with a high rating. And for dinner I would use coupons from special websites available only in Russian – a sushi selection at a 50-percent discount is very filling and very tasty. Or on some evenings I cooked my own dinner buying food in a supermarket.

Not many people know how to save while travelling but if you prepare yourself in advance by reading tips from experienced travellers, you may visit more places and spend less money while enjoying it nonetheless.

17. While staying in Russia, the author …

1) chose mainly Japanese food.

2) checked which place to eat in beforehand.

3) ordered his food online.

4) bought ready-made food in supermarkets.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Life hacks for visiting Russia

Planning a holiday in Russia and don’t want to break the bank? Here are a few hacks to help your journey around the world’s biggest country on a shoestring.

Like people from all over the world, many Russians are open to volunteering in exchange for food, accommodation, and new experiences. There is, for example, the Help Exchange advertising service. Foreigners are invited as volunteers by small companies, families, children’s camps, and even the Academy of Sciences. The conditions depend on the host but be sure that for interesting offers there will be stiff competition: you have to monitor the offers and respond quickly. It helps if you have recommendations. Last year, on a competitive basis, me and my friends managed to go to Ferapontovo (an ancient monastery on the UNESCO World Heritage list), to Kamchatka and Siberia, and to a summer camp on Lake Baikal. The “hottest” time is the summer season. The obvious plus – apart from the fact that you pay almost nothing – is that many hosts provide help with visas and pay for your journey. And the minus is that you will really have to work.

Big cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg offer the Russian tourist the CityPass, which entitles you to free museum admissions and excursions, admission without queuing, river cruises, discounts for taxis and restaurants, unlimited calls within Russia, and many other benefits. It may seem a bit costly but it will save you much more. You can also save money without a tourist pass. If you are not too shy, remember: in Russia, you can enter many museums and parks at the exits but I wouldn’t go for it.

Another life hack is to check on free admission days. Every museum has free admission days. At the Hermitage in St. Petersburg the first Thursday of each month is a free day, while at the New Tretyakov Gallery in the Russian capital it is every Wednesday.

As a rule, tickets to museums and art galleries cost more for foreign nationals than locals. Tourists who don’t want to pay extra can ask a Russian to buy tickets for them. And don’t waste money on an audio guide. To be honest, you won’t need it. You can download audio guides in English for many popular museums in Russia from the App Store.

As for eating out while travelling in Russia, there are a number of pretty cheap options. You can find special offers in Russian cafés and restaurants at any time of the day. Canteens (cheap restaurants that serve homemade dishes) are a win-win option. Here, a soup, main course, drink, and dessert will cost you just 250-300 rubles or cheaper.

I had the following routine when travelling around Russia. In the morning I had breakfast in canteens attached to institutes or ordinary public canteens, which you can find on 2Gis (a multilingual digital service that has city maps and tells you how much the average bill in different eateries will be). For lunch I would go to any place serving business lunches (many restaurants offer them between 12:00 and 17:00), giving preference to places with a high rating. And for dinner I would use coupons from special websites available only in Russian – a sushi selection at a 50-percent discount is very filling and very tasty. Or on some evenings I cooked my own dinner buying food in a supermarket.

Not many people know how to save while travelling but if you prepare yourself in advance by reading tips from experienced travellers, you may visit more places and spend less money while enjoying it nonetheless.

18. What is the main idea of the text expressed in the last paragraph?

1) It is difficult to enjoy travelling with little money.

2) Travelling on a budget requires too much planning.

3) Planning your trip can help you to travel cheaper.

4) Experienced travellers avoid spending a lot of money.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст / приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.

Пример ответа: was built

Thomas Midgely Jr. might just be the (19) __________ (BAD) scientist ever.

This American inventor has caused more damage to the environment than any other person in history! Midgely was born in 1889. After leaving university, he (20)__________ (WORK) as a chemist. He discovered that putting lead into gasoline made car engines work (21) __________ (GOOD). He also worked on a project to develop refrigerators. He invented the chemical 'Freon' which (22) __________ (USE) in household appliances all over the world today.

While (23) __________ (HE) inventions made a lot of money, they were terrible for the environment! Lead causes air pollution and health problems. Freon is a CFC gas, and we now know it's responsible for destroying the ozone layer.

So, next time you when (24) __________ (HAVE) a bad day, remember Thomas Midgely and remind yourself—you could always be doing worse!

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст / приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.

Пример ответа: was built

Thomas Midgely Jr. might just be the (19) __________ (BAD) scientist ever.

This American inventor has caused more damage to the environment than any other person in history! Midgely was born in 1889. After leaving university, he (20)__________ (WORK) as a chemist. He discovered that putting lead into gasoline made car engines work (21) __________ (GOOD). He also worked on a project to develop refrigerators. He invented the chemical 'Freon' which (22) __________ (USE) in household appliances all over the world today.

While (23) __________ (HE) inventions made a lot of money, they were terrible for the environment! Lead causes air pollution and health problems. Freon is a CFC gas, and we now know it's responsible for destroying the ozone layer.

So, next time you when (24) __________ (HAVE) a bad day, remember Thomas Midgely and remind yourself—you could always be doing worse!

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст / приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.

Пример ответа: was built

Thomas Midgely Jr. might just be the (19) __________ (BAD) scientist ever.

This American inventor has caused more damage to the environment than any other person in history! Midgely was born in 1889. After leaving university, he (20)__________ (WORK) as a chemist. He discovered that putting lead into gasoline made car engines work (21) __________ (GOOD). He also worked on a project to develop refrigerators. He invented the chemical 'Freon' which (22) __________ (USE) in household appliances all over the world today.

While (23) __________ (HE) inventions made a lot of money, they were terrible for the environment! Lead causes air pollution and health problems. Freon is a CFC gas, and we now know it's responsible for destroying the ozone layer.

So, next time you when (24) __________ (HAVE) a bad day, remember Thomas Midgely and remind yourself—you could always be doing worse!

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст / приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.

Пример ответа: was built

Thomas Midgely Jr. might just be the (19) __________ (BAD) scientist ever.

This American inventor has caused more damage to the environment than any other person in history! Midgely was born in 1889. After leaving university, he (20)__________ (WORK) as a chemist. He discovered that putting lead into gasoline made car engines work (21) __________ (GOOD). He also worked on a project to develop refrigerators. He invented the chemical 'Freon' which (22) __________ (USE) in household appliances all over the world today.

While (23) __________ (HE) inventions made a lot of money, they were terrible for the environment! Lead causes air pollution and health problems. Freon is a CFC gas, and we now know it's responsible for destroying the ozone layer.

So, next time you when (24) __________ (HAVE) a bad day, remember Thomas Midgely and remind yourself—you could always be doing worse!

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст / приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.

Пример ответа: was built

Thomas Midgely Jr. might just be the (19) __________ (BAD) scientist ever.

This American inventor has caused more damage to the environment than any other person in history! Midgely was born in 1889. After leaving university, he (20)__________ (WORK) as a chemist. He discovered that putting lead into gasoline made car engines work (21) __________ (GOOD). He also worked on a project to develop refrigerators. He invented the chemical 'Freon' which (22) __________ (USE) in household appliances all over the world today.

While (23) __________ (HE) inventions made a lot of money, they were terrible for the environment! Lead causes air pollution and health problems. Freon is a CFC gas, and we now know it's responsible for destroying the ozone layer.

So, next time you when (24) __________ (HAVE) a bad day, remember Thomas Midgely and remind yourself—you could always be doing worse!

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст / приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.

Пример ответа: was built

Thomas Midgely Jr. might just be the (19) __________ (BAD) scientist ever.

This American inventor has caused more damage to the environment than any other person in history! Midgely was born in 1889. After leaving university, he (20)__________ (WORK) as a chemist. He discovered that putting lead into gasoline made car engines work (21) __________ (GOOD). He also worked on a project to develop refrigerators. He invented the chemical 'Freon' which (22) __________ (USE) in household appliances all over the world today.

While (23) __________ (HE) inventions made a lot of money, they were terrible for the environment! Lead causes air pollution and health problems. Freon is a CFC gas, and we now know it's responsible for destroying the ozone layer.

So, next time you when (24) __________ (HAVE) a bad day, remember Thomas Midgely and remind yourself—you could always be doing worse!

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25–29, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25–29.

Пример ответа: foundation

Boston Public Library

Dating from 1852, Boston Public Library contributes much to Boston’s reputation as the “Athens of America”. The old (25)__________________(BUILD) is notable for its magnificent facade and interior art. (26)__________________(VISIT) can pick up a free brochure. It will be helpful if this is your first time here. Alternatively, you can choose from a (27)__________________(VARY) of free guided tours that depart from the entrance hall at various times.

This original building, inspired by Italian Renaissance, can boast of enormous bronze doorways, iron gates and lanterns. From there a marble staircase leads the guests inside. One can’t help but feel the (28)__________________(CREATIVE) in the walls.

Besides this amazing artistry, the library holds untold treasures in its numerous (29)__________________(COLLECT), including John Adams’ personal library.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25–29, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25–29.

Пример ответа: foundation

Boston Public Library

Dating from 1852, Boston Public Library contributes much to Boston’s reputation as the “Athens of America”. The old (25)__________________(BUILD) is notable for its magnificent facade and interior art. (26)__________________(VISIT) can pick up a free brochure. It will be helpful if this is your first time here. Alternatively, you can choose from a (27)__________________(VARY) of free guided tours that depart from the entrance hall at various times.

This original building, inspired by Italian Renaissance, can boast of enormous bronze doorways, iron gates and lanterns. From there a marble staircase leads the guests inside. One can’t help but feel the (28)__________________(CREATIVE) in the walls.

Besides this amazing artistry, the library holds untold treasures in its numerous (29)__________________(COLLECT), including John Adams’ personal library.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25–29, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25–29.

Пример ответа: foundation

Boston Public Library

Dating from 1852, Boston Public Library contributes much to Boston’s reputation as the “Athens of America”. The old (25)__________________(BUILD) is notable for its magnificent facade and interior art. (26)__________________(VISIT) can pick up a free brochure. It will be helpful if this is your first time here. Alternatively, you can choose from a (27)__________________(VARY) of free guided tours that depart from the entrance hall at various times.

This original building, inspired by Italian Renaissance, can boast of enormous bronze doorways, iron gates and lanterns. From there a marble staircase leads the guests inside. One can’t help but feel the (28)__________________(CREATIVE) in the walls.

Besides this amazing artistry, the library holds untold treasures in its numerous (29)__________________(COLLECT), including John Adams’ personal library.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25–29, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25–29.

Пример ответа: foundation

Boston Public Library

Dating from 1852, Boston Public Library contributes much to Boston’s reputation as the “Athens of America”. The old (25)__________________(BUILD) is notable for its magnificent facade and interior art. (26)__________________(VISIT) can pick up a free brochure. It will be helpful if this is your first time here. Alternatively, you can choose from a (27)__________________(VARY) of free guided tours that depart from the entrance hall at various times.

This original building, inspired by Italian Renaissance, can boast of enormous bronze doorways, iron gates and lanterns. From there a marble staircase leads the guests inside. One can’t help but feel the (28)__________________(CREATIVE) in the walls.

Besides this amazing artistry, the library holds untold treasures in its numerous (29)__________________(COLLECT), including John Adams’ personal library.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25–29, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25–29.

Пример ответа: foundation

Boston Public Library

Dating from 1852, Boston Public Library contributes much to Boston’s reputation as the “Athens of America”. The old (25)__________________(BUILD) is notable for its magnificent facade and interior art. (26)__________________(VISIT) can pick up a free brochure. It will be helpful if this is your first time here. Alternatively, you can choose from a (27)__________________(VARY) of free guided tours that depart from the entrance hall at various times.

This original building, inspired by Italian Renaissance, can boast of enormous bronze doorways, iron gates and lanterns. From there a marble staircase leads the guests inside. One can’t help but feel the (28)__________________(CREATIVE) in the walls.

Besides this amazing artistry, the library holds untold treasures in its numerous (29)__________________(COLLECT), including John Adams’ personal library.

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30–36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30–36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Ray Ewry

When he was a child, Ray Ewry became ill with a fever. It turned 30 __________ that he had polio. Polio is a disease that 31 __________ people to become paralyzed. Ray gradually got better, but he found that his legs had been weakened by his illness. The doctors thought that leg exercises might help him regain his strength. But they 32 __________ Ray that he probably would never be able to walk and run as he once had.

For the next few years, Ray exercised daily. He did everything his doctors had recommended and more. After a while he could tell that his hard work was paying 33 __________ His legs became stronger and stronger. He even began to take part in track and field events.

Soon Ray could jump higher and farther than most people. So, he entered the Olympics in 1900 and 34 __________ up for three contests. He entered the standing high jump; the standing long jump; and the standing hop, step, and jump. He won gold medals, or first place, in all three events.

Ray repeated his amazing 35 __________ in 1904 and planned to try again in 1906. But before the next games, the hop, step, and jump was dropped from the list of events. So, Ray had to settle for only two gold medals in 1906 and two again in 1908. Ray had indeed overcome his illness. Today, he 36 ___________ the record for the most Olympic gold medals ever given to any one person.

1. 1) away 2) out 3) over 4) in

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30–36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30–36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Ray Ewry

When he was a child, Ray Ewry became ill with a fever. It turned 30 __________ that he had polio. Polio is a disease that 31 __________ people to become paralyzed. Ray gradually got better, but he found that his legs had been weakened by his illness. The doctors thought that leg exercises might help him regain his strength. But they 32 __________ Ray that he probably would never be able to walk and run as he once had.

For the next few years, Ray exercised daily. He did everything his doctors had recommended and more. After a while he could tell that his hard work was paying 33 __________ His legs became stronger and stronger. He even began to take part in track and field events.

Soon Ray could jump higher and farther than most people. So, he entered the Olympics in 1900 and 34 __________ up for three contests. He entered the standing high jump; the standing long jump; and the standing hop, step, and jump. He won gold medals, or first place, in all three events.

Ray repeated his amazing 35 __________ in 1904 and planned to try again in 1906. But before the next games, the hop, step, and jump was dropped from the list of events. So, Ray had to settle for only two gold medals in 1906 and two again in 1908. Ray had indeed overcome his illness. Today, he 36 ___________ the record for the most Olympic gold medals ever given to any one person.

1. 1) causes 2) results 3) makes 4) happens

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30–36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30–36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Ray Ewry

When he was a child, Ray Ewry became ill with a fever. It turned 30 __________ that he had polio. Polio is a disease that 31 __________ people to become paralyzed. Ray gradually got better, but he found that his legs had been weakened by his illness. The doctors thought that leg exercises might help him regain his strength. But they 32 __________ Ray that he probably would never be able to walk and run as he once had.

For the next few years, Ray exercised daily. He did everything his doctors had recommended and more. After a while he could tell that his hard work was paying 33 __________ His legs became stronger and stronger. He even began to take part in track and field events.

Soon Ray could jump higher and farther than most people. So, he entered the Olympics in 1900 and 34 __________ up for three contests. He entered the standing high jump; the standing long jump; and the standing hop, step, and jump. He won gold medals, or first place, in all three events.

Ray repeated his amazing 35 __________ in 1904 and planned to try again in 1906. But before the next games, the hop, step, and jump was dropped from the list of events. So, Ray had to settle for only two gold medals in 1906 and two again in 1908. Ray had indeed overcome his illness. Today, he 36 ___________ the record for the most Olympic gold medals ever given to any one person.

1. 1) talked 2) spoke 3) said 4) told

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30–36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30–36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Ray Ewry

When he was a child, Ray Ewry became ill with a fever. It turned 30 __________ that he had polio. Polio is a disease that 31 __________ people to become paralyzed. Ray gradually got better, but he found that his legs had been weakened by his illness. The doctors thought that leg exercises might help him regain his strength. But they 32 __________ Ray that he probably would never be able to walk and run as he once had.

For the next few years, Ray exercised daily. He did everything his doctors had recommended and more. After a while he could tell that his hard work was paying 33 __________ His legs became stronger and stronger. He even began to take part in track and field events.

Soon Ray could jump higher and farther than most people. So, he entered the Olympics in 1900 and 34 __________ up for three contests. He entered the standing high jump; the standing long jump; and the standing hop, step, and jump. He won gold medals, or first place, in all three events.

Ray repeated his amazing 35 __________ in 1904 and planned to try again in 1906. But before the next games, the hop, step, and jump was dropped from the list of events. So, Ray had to settle for only two gold medals in 1906 and two again in 1908. Ray had indeed overcome his illness. Today, he 36 ___________ the record for the most Olympic gold medals ever given to any one person.

1. 1) well 2) off 3) out 4) high

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30–36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30–36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Ray Ewry

When he was a child, Ray Ewry became ill with a fever. It turned 30 __________ that he had polio. Polio is a disease that 31 __________ people to become paralyzed. Ray gradually got better, but he found that his legs had been weakened by his illness. The doctors thought that leg exercises might help him regain his strength. But they 32 __________ Ray that he probably would never be able to walk and run as he once had.

For the next few years, Ray exercised daily. He did everything his doctors had recommended and more. After a while he could tell that his hard work was paying 33 __________ His legs became stronger and stronger. He even began to take part in track and field events.

Soon Ray could jump higher and farther than most people. So, he entered the Olympics in 1900 and 34 __________ up for three contests. He entered the standing high jump; the standing long jump; and the standing hop, step, and jump. He won gold medals, or first place, in all three events.

Ray repeated his amazing 35 __________ in 1904 and planned to try again in 1906. But before the next games, the hop, step, and jump was dropped from the list of events. So, Ray had to settle for only two gold medals in 1906 and two again in 1908. Ray had indeed overcome his illness. Today, he 36 ___________ the record for the most Olympic gold medals ever given to any one person.

1. 1) signed 2) wrote 3) joined 4) added

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30–36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30–36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Ray Ewry

When he was a child, Ray Ewry became ill with a fever. It turned 30 __________ that he had polio. Polio is a disease that 31 __________ people to become paralyzed. Ray gradually got better, but he found that his legs had been weakened by his illness. The doctors thought that leg exercises might help him regain his strength. But they 32 __________ Ray that he probably would never be able to walk and run as he once had.

For the next few years, Ray exercised daily. He did everything his doctors had recommended and more. After a while he could tell that his hard work was paying 33 __________ His legs became stronger and stronger. He even began to take part in track and field events.

Soon Ray could jump higher and farther than most people. So, he entered the Olympics in 1900 and 34 __________ up for three contests. He entered the standing high jump; the standing long jump; and the standing hop, step, and jump. He won gold medals, or first place, in all three events.

Ray repeated his amazing 35 __________ in 1904 and planned to try again in 1906. But before the next games, the hop, step, and jump was dropped from the list of events. So, Ray had to settle for only two gold medals in 1906 and two again in 1908. Ray had indeed overcome his illness. Today, he 36 ___________ the record for the most Olympic gold medals ever given to any one person.

1. 1) fate 2) feast 3) feat 4) fact

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30–36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30–36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Ray Ewry

When he was a child, Ray Ewry became ill with a fever. It turned 30 __________ that he had polio. Polio is a disease that 31 __________ people to become paralyzed. Ray gradually got better, but he found that his legs had been weakened by his illness. The doctors thought that leg exercises might help him regain his strength. But they 32 __________ Ray that he probably would never be able to walk and run as he once had.

For the next few years, Ray exercised daily. He did everything his doctors had recommended and more. After a while he could tell that his hard work was paying 33 __________ His legs became stronger and stronger. He even began to take part in track and field events.

Soon Ray could jump higher and farther than most people. So, he entered the Olympics in 1900 and 34 __________ up for three contests. He entered the standing high jump; the standing long jump; and the standing hop, step, and jump. He won gold medals, or first place, in all three events.

Ray repeated his amazing 35 __________ in 1904 and planned to try again in 1906. But before the next games, the hop, step, and jump was dropped from the list of events. So, Ray had to settle for only two gold medals in 1906 and two again in 1908. Ray had indeed overcome his illness. Today, he 36 ___________ the record for the most Olympic gold medals ever given to any one person.

1. 1) has 2) takes 3) holds 4) owns

You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Sam:

Write an email to Sam.

In your message:

– answer her questions;

– ask 3 questions about his new phone.

Write 100 - 140 words.

Remember the rules of email writing.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Are tours really so bad?

I’ve always been all for independent travel and my friends often ask me: if tours are really so bad, why so many people do them?

Well, I wouldn’t be so straightforward. First of all, tours provide higher quality at better value. I’ve always been trying to break down costs for independent travel in different cities around the world, so it might seem strange when I say that tours are actually a better value. The reality is that in most places, the absolute cheapest way to travel is independently, but that means hostel bunks and street food instead of hotels and restaurants. And in a country like China, the tours are much cheaper than independent travel at any standard.

Of course, the reason for this is that a tour provider can book 20 hotel rooms every week with one phone call, so they get amazing hotel rates that independent travellers couldn’t dream of. The same is true with restaurants and even attractions, where large groups are much cheaper per person than singles. Even with a tour provider mark-up, you still get a better deal in most cases.

Another important thing for many of us is that there is little or no stress with language or culture barriers. Even in an English-speaking country, it can be confusing on your first visit, and things like finding hotels and even museums can be headaches. When in countries with other languages, the level of confusion gets multiplied, often further compounded by touts and other illegal sellers who make a living trying to steer you somewhere else. On a tour you’ll always have an English speaker who knows the local area well between you and the potential obstacles. It’s almost like having an old friend living in the area, who can tell you exactly where to go and whom to ignore.

That leads us to the next point. Tours provide security and accountability. No method of travel is 100% safe and secure, but at least when you are on a tour you know that people who know the risks are working on your behalf. Travelling on your own, if your hotel says it’s fully booked, then you are out on the street. But with a tour, it’s up to them to find you a new room nearby, which would be far easier even if it did happen.

If you get sick or injured on your own, you are on your own, while on a tour there will be an experienced person there to help get medicine or look after you. I had a large backpack stolen off a train because the luggage area works on the honour system. Had I been on a tour, someone would likely have put everything in a secure place because their reputation depends on clients making it home with all their gear.

And last but not least, itineraries on tours are designed by professionals. Everyone obviously has different tastes when sightseeing, but that doesn’t mean that independent travellers always make the right decisions. The typical first-time visitor to a big city will try to schedule 18 hours worth of sightseeing into every day, which obviously doesn’t work once you get there. These tour companies that have been around for a long time tend to do a great job maximising sightseeing time but also adding in leisure time, meal time, and sleep time. In the era of ubiquitous reviews not to mention social media, these tour companies can only survive if they provide a product that people feel good about when it’s done. Not only can they get you between sights more quickly, but they also know when clients prefer to relax and slow down.

All said and done, I am not writing this to put you off independent travel but rather to make you look before you leap.

16. The author’s backpack was stolen because …

1) his luggage was unwatched.

2) he had to buy some medicine.

3) it was left at the train station.

4) he was on a tour.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Are tours really so bad?

I’ve always been all for independent travel and my friends often ask me: if tours are really so bad, why so many people do them?

Well, I wouldn’t be so straightforward. First of all, tours provide higher quality at better value. I’ve always been trying to break down costs for independent travel in different cities around the world, so it might seem strange when I say that tours are actually a better value. The reality is that in most places, the absolute cheapest way to travel is independently, but that means hostel bunks and street food instead of hotels and restaurants. And in a country like China, the tours are much cheaper than independent travel at any standard.

Of course, the reason for this is that a tour provider can book 20 hotel rooms every week with one phone call, so they get amazing hotel rates that independent travellers couldn’t dream of. The same is true with restaurants and even attractions, where large groups are much cheaper per person than singles. Even with a tour provider mark-up, you still get a better deal in most cases.

Another important thing for many of us is that there is little or no stress with language or culture barriers. Even in an English-speaking country, it can be confusing on your first visit, and things like finding hotels and even museums can be headaches. When in countries with other languages, the level of confusion gets multiplied, often further compounded by touts and other illegal sellers who make a living trying to steer you somewhere else. On a tour you’ll always have an English speaker who knows the local area well between you and the potential obstacles. It’s almost like having an old friend living in the area, who can tell you exactly where to go and whom to ignore.

That leads us to the next point. Tours provide security and accountability. No method of travel is 100% safe and secure, but at least when you are on a tour you know that people who know the risks are working on your behalf. Travelling on your own, if your hotel says it’s fully booked, then you are out on the street. But with a tour, it’s up to them to find you a new room nearby, which would be far easier even if it did happen.

If you get sick or injured on your own, you are on your own, while on a tour there will be an experienced person there to help get medicine or look after you. I had a large backpack stolen off a train because the luggage area works on the honour system. Had I been on a tour, someone would likely have put everything in a secure place because their reputation depends on clients making it home with all their gear.

And last but not least, itineraries on tours are designed by professionals. Everyone obviously has different tastes when sightseeing, but that doesn’t mean that independent travellers always make the right decisions. The typical first-time visitor to a big city will try to schedule 18 hours worth of sightseeing into every day, which obviously doesn’t work once you get there. These tour companies that have been around for a long time tend to do a great job maximising sightseeing time but also adding in leisure time, meal time, and sleep time. In the era of ubiquitous reviews not to mention social media, these tour companies can only survive if they provide a product that people feel good about when it’s done. Not only can they get you between sights more quickly, but they also know when clients prefer to relax and slow down.

All said and done, I am not writing this to put you off independent travel but rather to make you look before you leap.

17. The author believes that a sightseeing programme on organised tours is …

1) more packed

2) less strained

3) overrated

4) undervalued

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Пример ответа: 1

Are tours really so bad?

I’ve always been all for independent travel and my friends often ask me: if tours are really so bad, why so many people do them?

Well, I wouldn’t be so straightforward. First of all, tours provide higher quality at better value. I’ve always been trying to break down costs for independent travel in different cities around the world, so it might seem strange when I say that tours are actually a better value. The reality is that in most places, the absolute cheapest way to travel is independently, but that means hostel bunks and street food instead of hotels and restaurants. And in a country like China, the tours are much cheaper than independent travel at any standard.

Of course, the reason for this is that a tour provider can book 20 hotel rooms every week with one phone call, so they get amazing hotel rates that independent travellers couldn’t dream of. The same is true with restaurants and even attractions, where large groups are much cheaper per person than singles. Even with a tour provider mark-up, you still get a better deal in most cases.

Another important thing for many of us is that there is little or no stress with language or culture barriers. Even in an English-speaking country, it can be confusing on your first visit, and things like finding hotels and even museums can be headaches. When in countries with other languages, the level of confusion gets multiplied, often further compounded by touts and other illegal sellers who make a living trying to steer you somewhere else. On a tour you’ll always have an English speaker who knows the local area well between you and the potential obstacles. It’s almost like having an old friend living in the area, who can tell you exactly where to go and whom to ignore.

That leads us to the next point. Tours provide security and accountability. No method of travel is 100% safe and secure, but at least when you are on a tour you know that people who know the risks are working on your behalf. Travelling on your own, if your hotel says it’s fully booked, then you are out on the street. But with a tour, it’s up to them to find you a new room nearby, which would be far easier even if it did happen.

If you get sick or injured on your own, you are on your own, while on a tour there will be an experienced person there to help get medicine or look after you. I had a large backpack stolen off a train because the luggage area works on the honour system. Had I been on a tour, someone would likely have put everything in a secure place because their reputation depends on clients making it home with all their gear.

And last but not least, itineraries on tours are designed by professionals. Everyone obviously has different tastes when sightseeing, but that doesn’t mean that independent travellers always make the right decisions. The typical first-time visitor to a big city will try to schedule 18 hours worth of sightseeing into every day, which obviously doesn’t work once you get there. These tour companies that have been around for a long time tend to do a great job maximising sightseeing time but also adding in leisure time, meal time, and sleep time. In the era of ubiquitous reviews not to mention social media, these tour companies can only survive if they provide a product that people feel good about when it’s done. Not only can they get you between sights more quickly, but they also know when clients prefer to relax and slow down.

All said and done, I am not writing this to put you off independent travel but rather to make you look before you leap.

18. What does the author try to achieve in the article?

1) Compare various tour providers.

2) Persuade the reader to choose tours.

3) Describe the benefits of organised travel.

4) Warn the readers against travelling alone.